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Part One Translation (60%)

1.Translate the following into Chinese (30%).

The Song of the River

W. S. Maugham

You hear it all along the river. You hear it, loud and strong, from the rowers as they urge the junk with its high stern, the mast lashed alongside, down the swift running stream. You hear it from the trackers, a more breathless chant, as they pull desperately against the current, half a dozen of them perhaps if they are taking up wupan, a couple of hundred if they are hauling a splendid junk, its square sail set, over a rapid. On the junk, a man stands amidships beating a drum incessantly to guide their efforts, and they pull with all their strength. like men possessed, bent double; and sometimes in the extremity of their travail they crawl on the ground, on all fours, like the beasts of the field. They strain, strain fiercely, against the pitiless might of the stream. The leader goes up and down the line and when he sees one who is not putting all his will into the task he brings down his split bamboo on the naked back. Each one must do his utmost or the labor of all is vain. And still they sing a vehement, eager chant, the chant of the turbulent waters. I do not know how words can describe what there is in it of effort. It serves to express the straining heart, the breaking muscles, and at the same time the indomitable spirit of man which overcomes the pitiless force of nature.

2. Translate the following into English(30%).

世界上的屋子全有门，而不开窗的屋子我们还看得到。这指示出窗比门代表更高的人类进化阶段。门是住屋子者的需要，窗多少是一种奢侈，屋子的本意，只像鸟窠兽窟，准备人回来过夜的，把门关上，算是保护。但是墙上开了窗子，收入光明和空气，使我们白天不必到户外去，关了门也可生活。屋子在人生里因此增添了意义，不只是避风雨、过夜的地方，并且有了陈设，挂着书画，使我们从早到晚思想、工作、娱乐、演出人生悲剧的场子。门是人的进出口，窗可以是天的进出口，屋子本来是人造了为躲避自然的胁害，而向四垛墙，一个屋顶里，窗引诱了一角天进来，驯服了它，给人利用，好比我们笼络野马，变为家畜一样，从此我们在屋子里就能和自然接触，不必去找光明，换空气，光明和空气会来找我们。所以，人对于自然地胜利，窗特使一个，不过，这种胜利，有如女人对于男子的胜利，表面上看来还像是让步一个人开了窗让风和日光进来占领，谁知到来占领这个地方的就给这个地方占领去了!我们刚说门是需要，需要是不由人做得主的，譬如饿了就要吃，渴了就得喝。所以，有人去敲门，你总得去开。每天邮差打门的声音，也使你起了带疑惧的希翼，因为你不知道而又愿知道他带来的是什么消息。门的开关是由不得你的。但是窗呢，你清早起来，只要把窗幕拉过一遍，你就知道窗外有什么东西在招呼你，是雪，是雾，是鱼，还是好太阳，决定要不要开窗子。

Part Two Writing (40%)

You are to write no less than 300 words to describe and comment on relationships between English literature, English linguistics, and translatology (please specify the total number of words at the end of your composition).

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