37. Which of the following is true of Paragraph 2?根据第二段，下面那个答案是正确的

[A] Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions。

公共行业的工会在采取行动是会更加谨慎

[B] Education is required for public-sector union membership。

公共行业的工会会员需要教育

[C] Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unions。

工党同公共行业的工会长期斗争

[D]Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions。

公共行业的工会很少由于他们的行为而惹麻烦。

解析：细节题中的which 题，只能一个个排除：

先看[B] Education is required for public-sector union membership。

公共行业的工会会员需要教育

文中说到了Second, they are mostly bright and well-educated. A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree。但是并没有说需要教育。

再看[C] Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector unions。

工党同公共行业的工会长期斗争

Britain’s Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism。

选项和原文间的表述是相反的。

再看[D]Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions。

公共行业的工会很少由于他们的行为而惹麻烦。

First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences。

首先他们可以罢工而不遭受后果。

同义替换成功。

最后看[A] Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions。

公共行业的工会在采取行动是会更加谨慎

这是一个很强烈的干扰项，但是文中并没有提到工会很谨慎，原文----选项A----选项B

最后答案只能选A而不能选B;B 为未提及选项。

38. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that the income in the state sector is

从第四段可以推知公共行业的收入

[A] illegally secured。非法的安全

[B] indirectly augmented。间接的增加了

[C] excessively increased。过度的增加了

[D]fairly adjusted。公平的调整了

解析：细节题 对应keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous。保持收入小幅上涨，但是增加假期特别是已经很慷慨的补助了。

主要是一个单词大家不认识augmented出题人开始耍无赖了，考研词汇大纲中并无此单词，不过根据另外一个副词是可以推出答案的。

39. The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions

威斯康辛州的工会的例子表明工会

[A]often run against the current political system。

通常和现行的政治系统相违背

[B]can change people’s political attitudes。

能够改变人们的政治态度

[C]may be a barrier to public-sector reforms。

可能是公共领域改革的障碍

[D]are dominant in the government。

受到政府的主导

解析：例证题 找观点 Reform has been vigorously opposed;之后的例子就应该围绕改革来讲。