2015考研英语二阅读答案

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21. According to Para.1, most previous surveys found that home__ [A]was an unrealistic place for relaxation [B]generated more stress than the workplace [C]was an ideal place for stress measurement [D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace 【正确答案】D 【答案精解】题干已指明第一段，强调之前研究发现。定位到文章第一段第一句“A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys..”也就是新的研究与之前的研究结论是不同的。新的研究说的是人们在家里比在工作场合压力更大。那么之前的研究反过来，就是在家比在工作场合压力更小，对应的是选项D的表述。 22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home [A]Working mothers [B]Childless husbands [C]Childless wives [D]Working fathers. 【正确答案】B 【答案精解】用Damaske这一专有名词定位至文章第二段。从此人所说的话中“It is men，not women， who report being happier..”加上“but more so for nonparents”可知，没有孩子的男性在家里是更容易快乐的，故选B。 23. The blurring of working women’s roles refers to the fact that__ [A]they are both bread winners and housewives [B]their home is also a place for kicking back [C]there is often much housework left behind [D]it is difficult for them to leave their office 【正确答案】A 【答案精解】用“blurring of roles”定位到第三段，本段重点描述女性在家（home）和工作场合“workplace”间的不断转换，从而需要从事各种不同的工作。导致其多任务和多角色。在家可理解为housewives的角色，而在工作场合就是breadwinners，故选A。 24. The word “moofs”(Line 4, Para 4) most probably means_____ [A]energy [B]skills [C]earnings [D]mutrition 【正确答案】C 【答案精解】moola该词定位到文章第四段“Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola”。本句讲的就是劳动与所得的关系，也就是雇员付出体脑力劳动，从而得到维持生活的收入。是为选项C。 25. The home front differs from the workplaces in that_____ [A]home is hardly a cozier working environment [B]division of labor at home is seldom [C]household tasks are generally more motivating [D]family labor is often adequately rewarded 【正确答案】B 【答案精解】根据自然段定位原则，本题定位到倒数第二段。本段第一句“on the home front， however， people have no such clarity”。也就是说在家里，人们的分工不会像工作场合那么清晰，从而导致女性在家里压力大，对应的就是B选项。 TEXT 2 26. Recruiting more first-generation students has_____ [A]reduced their dropout rates [B]narrowed the achievement gap [C]missed its original purpose [D]depressed college students 【正确答案】C 【答案精解】通过题干中的“recruiting more first-generation students”定位到文章第一段。第一段一开始将第一代大学生（也就是父母均无大学学位的大学生）描述为成绩低而辍学率高的低学术成就群体。他们若高等教育上取得成绩则更容易获得经济上的成功。于是大学逾多年在招录更多的第一代大学生，从而引出本题解题句“This has created ‘a paradox’…”。本句说的是虽然招录更多的第一代大学生，但是带来的是更多的第一代大学生的失败。也就意味着高等教育不仅没能达到其缩小学术成就差距的目的，反而适得其反。故本题选C“未能达成其最初的目标”。 27. The authors of the research article are optimistic because [A]the problem is solvable [B]their approach is costless [C]the recruiting rate has increased [D]their findings appeal to students 【正确答案】A 【答案精解】将本题题干的optimistic作为定位词，精确定位到第二段第一句“But the article is actually quite optimistic，as it outlines a potential solution to this problem，suggesting that… ”。As表示因为，已将该题的因果关系点明，说的是本书作者很乐观，因为有解决这一问题的解决方案。接着在第二段后面加第三段都在具体阐释该解决方案。故本题选A“该问题是可解决的”。该选项亦符合正确答案对原文同义改写的原则，在选项设计上是通过词性的改变来实现改写原则。 28. The study suggests that most first-generation students_____ [A]study at private universities [B]are from single-parent families [C]are in need of financial support [D]have failed their college 【正确答案】C 【答案精解】根据题干“The study suggests that”可将定位点锁定在study本身。又结合自然段定位原则，最终将初步定位位置放在第三段。第三句“Most of the first-generation students…”中将第一代大学生与非第一代大学生接受联邦补助的数据做了一个对比59.1%:8.6%, 从而说明选项C“第一代大学生是需要经济支持的群体”。 29. The authors of the paper believe that first-generation students___ [A]are actually indifferent to the achievement gap [B]can have a potential influence on other students [C]may lack opportunities to apply for research projects [D]are inexperienced in handing their issues at college 【正确答案】D 【答案精解】本题定位到第四段。第四段第一句“Their thesis-…-was based on the view that first generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students.”本句指出，第一代大学生缺的是大多数大学生需要面对的现实问题。第五段第一句进一步阐释这一现实问题“Many first-generation students struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education…”。本句是说那些处于需要经济资助的第一代大学生需要挣扎着去适应高等教育中的中层阶级文化，“挣扎”一词很好的与选项D“inexperienced”对应了起来。 30. We may infer from the last paragraph that_____ [A]universities often reject the culture of the middle-class [B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources [C]social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences [D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question 【正确答案】D 【答案精解】题干针对最后一段提问。最后一段第二句是本题的精确定位句“And this becomes more of a problem when college don’t talk about the class advantages…”本句指出由于大学本身没能直面不同学生群体间的阶级差异问题，导致第一代大学生在求学中的问题。也就是说大学本身对教育现状负有责任，故本题选D“大学部分程度上对遭质疑的问题负责”。 TEXT 3 31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_____ [A]more emotional [B]more objective [C]less energetic [D]less strategic 【正确答案】A 【答案精解】根据专有名词Nancy Koehn定位到文章第一段第一句“Even in traditional offices…much more emotional”可知该题答案为A。本题在定位和选择方面没有太大干扰，属于阅读中最简单的一种。 32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to ____ [A]historical incidents [B]gender difference [C]sports culture [D]athletic executives 【正确答案】C 【答案精解】用题干中的“Team”-oriented连字符词回文定位至文章第二段第一句“…is very “team”-oriented”-and not by coincidence. “Let’s not forget sports…”本句强调基于团队的公司语言并非源于偶然，而是源于体育文化，对应的正式选项C。 33. Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to___ [A]revive historical terms [B]promote company image [C]foster corporate cooperation [D]strengthen employee loyalty 【正确答案】D 【答案精解】题干中专有名词Khurana定位到文章第三段第一句，“these terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning…increase allegiance to the firm”。Allegiance就是忠诚的意思，选项D中的loyalty就是对其同义改写。 34. It can be inferred that Lean In _____ [A]voices for working women [B]appeals to passionate workaholics [C]triggers debates among mommies [D]praises motivated employees 【正确答案】A 【答案精解】Lean in该书名帮助定位至文章第四段，该段第二句“The mommy-wars of 他和1990s…，prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all”本句鲜明第表达了该书支持职业女性的立场，故选A。 35. Which of the following statements is true about office speak [A]Managers admire it but avoid it [B]Linguists believe it to be nonsense [C]Companies find it to be fundamental [D]Regular people mock it but accept it 【正确答案】D 【答案精解】根据自然段定位原则，定位到文章最后一段第一句，可找到与该题相关的解题语句有“everyone makes fun of it…you can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it”可知，选项D中的mock是对makes fun of 的同义改写，而 Accept it 是对buy into的同义改写，故答案为D。 TEXT 4 36. Which part of the jobs picture was neglected [A]The prospect of a thriving job marker [B]The increase of voluntary part-time jobs [C]The possibility of full employment [D]The acceleration of job creation 【正确答案】B 【答案精解】题干中的neglected与文章第二段中的overlooked相呼应，第二段讲的主体内容就是美国自愿从事兼职工作的这部分人，故本题答案为B。 37. Many people work part-time because they_____ [A]Prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs [B]feel that is enough to make ends meet [C]cannot get their hands on full-time jobs [D]haven’t seen the weakness of the market 【正确答案】C 【答案精解】利用题干中的Part-time定位到文章的第三段第二句“Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get”。本句点出了兼职工作者的无奈，对应的也是选项C。 38. Involuntary part-time employment in the US____ [A]is harder to acquire than one year ago [B]shows a general tendency of decline [C]satisfies the real need of the jobless [D]is lower than before the recession 【正确答案】B 【答案精解】用Involuntary part-time employment定位到文章第四段第一句“…but the general direction has been down”。Down与选项B中的decline为同义改写，内容一致。故选择B。 39. It can be learned that with Obamacare,____ [A]it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance [B]employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance [C]it is still challenging to get insurance for family members [D]full-time employment is still essential for insurance 【正确答案】B 【答案精解】利用题干中的Obamacare回文定位到第六段第一句“The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare…was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment”。本句表明就业不再是获得保险的先决条件，正是选项B的内容。 40. The text mainly discusses_____ [A]employment in the US [B]part-timer classification [C]insurance through Medicaid [D]Obamacare’s trouble 【正确答案】A 【答案精解】唯一一道主旨题。本文提到了美国宏观的就业形势，提到了两种类别的兼职工作者，提到了美国与就业相关的政策，提到了与就业相关的保险，凡此种种，皆与就业相关，证明就业是为本文的主题词。主旨题选项中包含主题词是为历年英语二命题之规律，故本题选择A。