编者按：精品学习网成人高考频道为参加2011年成人高考的考生准备了：成考学位英语真题解析(2006--2010) “专题，历年真题讲解很详细，除给出答案外，还附有详解，希望对考生有所帮助。下面请看专题。
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Part I Reading Comprehension(30%)
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
One study shows that Americans prefer to answer with a brief “Yes”, “No”, “Sure”, or the very popular “Yeah” rather than with a longer reply. (76) But brief replies do not mean Americans are impolite of unfriendly to some extent. Very often, Americans are in a hurry and may greet you with a single word “ Hi”, indeed; this is a greeting you will hear again and again during your stay in the United States. It is used by everyone, regardless of rank, age or occupation. However, those who are accustomed to longer greetings may require a little more time before they feel comfortable with American simple talk.
Americans sometimes use plain talk when they are uncomfortable. (77) If people praise them or thank them in an especially polite way, they may become uncomfortable and not know what to say in reply . They don’t want to be impolite or rude, you can be sure that they liked what was said about them. Except for certain holidays, such as Christmas, Americans don’t usually give gifts. Thus, you will find Americans embarrassed as they accept gifts, especially if they have nothing to give in return. They are generally a warm but informal people.
The fact that Americans like shorter answers tells us ______.
they reply very quickly in a hurry
they choose words too carefully
they like replying briefly
they want to be as polite as they can
Those who like using beautiful or formal words _____.
need more time to get used to American simple greeting
need no time to get familiar with American greeting
do not very much like American way of greeting
think Americans are not polite whatever
Which of the following is NOT true?
Americans often answer with the words like “sure”, “yeah.”
They are not impolite with brief replies.
Americans in high ranks must use formal words in greeting.
Americans are a warm but informal people.
The Americans like others’ praise but if in a polite way ________.
they don’t know what to way in reply
they feel somewhat uneasy
they don’t want to reply
both A and B
The passage indicates that _______.
Americans exchange gifts the first time they meet.
Americans seldom give gifts except for some holidays.
Americans often bring some gifts to their friends.
Americans only want to get gifts from others.
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
(78) The advantages and disadvantages of a large population have long been a subject of discussion among economists (经济学家). It has been argued that the supply of good land is limited. To feed a large population, inferior land must be cultivated and the good land worded intensively. Thus , each person produces less and this means a lower average income than could be obtained with a smaller population. Other economists have argued that a large population gives more scope for specialization and the development of facilities such as ports, roads and railways, which are not likely to be built unless there is a big demand to justify them.
One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact that official attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials. In the developing country where a vastly expanded population is pressing hard upon the limits of food, space and natural resources, it will be the first concern of government to place a limit on the birthrate, whatever the consequences may be. In the highly industrialized society the problem may be more complex. A decreasing birth rate may lead to unemployment because it results in a declining market for manufactured goods. (79)When the pressure of population on housing declines, prices also decline and the building industry is weakened. Faced with considerations such as these, the government of a developed country may well prefer to see a slowly increasing population, rather than one which is stable or in decline.
A smaller population may mean _______.
higher productivity, but a lower average income
lower productivity, but a higher average income
lower productivity, and a lower average income
higher productivity, and a higher average income
According to the passage, a large population will provide a chance for developing _______.
A. agricultureB. transport systemC. industryD. national economy
In a developed country, people will perhaps go out of work if the birthrate _______.
A. goes upB. is decreasingC. remains stableD is out of control
According to the passage slowly rising birthrate perhaps is good for ________.
A. a developed nation
B. a developing nation
C. every nation with a big population
D. every nation with a small population
It is no easy job to carry out a general plan for birth control throughout the world because ______.
there are too many underdeveloped countries in the world
underdeveloped countries have low level of industrial development
different governments have different views about the problem
even developed countries may have complex problems
参考答案
1.C 文中第一句提到了，一次调查显示美国人更喜欢用简短的回答，与c项相符
2.A 第一段最后一句说，那些习惯了较长问候的人们可能需要更长一些的时间来适应简短的回答，与A项相符合
3.C 第一段倒数第二句说，人们不分官职、年龄或是职业，都使用简短的对话，C项说美国高官职的人都必须用正式用语，与文章不符。
4.D 第二段的第二三句说“如果有人用一种很礼貌的方式赞扬或是感谢美国人的话，他们会感到不舒服，而且不知如何应答。”A选项说他们不知如何应答B选项说他们感到不舒服/不自然，都符合题意
5.B 第二段第四句说除了像圣诞节这样的节日之外，美国人不经常送礼物，与B选项相符合
6. D 见第一段，人口多时 “each person produces less and this means a lower average income …” 人口相对少时情况相反。
7. B 见第一段最后一句，举例“roads and railways”提示我们选“transport system”。
8. B 第二段指出，低出生率导致失业。所以选B。
9. A 第二段最后一句，“发达国家政府更希望看到人口缓慢增长而不是...…”可见，低增长的出生率更有利于发达国家。
10. C 在世界范围实施总体的计划生育不是一个简单的工作，原因在开头提到“态度...…各国不同。”