【摘要】一直以来成人学位英语考试成了众多考生的困扰,为了帮助广大考生有效备考,精品学习网推出成考2013年专升本大学语文:写作知识辅导,希望考生顺利通过考试。
词汇的复现关系指的是某一词以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其他形式重复出现在语篇中,语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系达到了相互衔接。词汇的复现关系又可分为原词复现、同义词或近义词复现、上下义词复现和概括词复现四类。例如:
1、Theygotosleepinallkindsofplaces.Redsquirrelsdisappearinsidetrees,bearsusecaves,frogsgodeepunderthemud,andmanyotheranimalsdigholesintheearth.(概括和同义复现)
2、Atthatmoment,however,hefeltstrangelyunwillingtodoso.Insteadofmovingbackwardasplanned,hetookastepforward,andthenanother!(反义复现)
例1:Itcanbesaidthatforeign____thatmakesthefacultymemberfromabroadanassetalso(creates)problemsofadjustment,bothfortheuniversityandfortheindividual.……professorandhisstudents(lack)backgroundineachothers’culture.
A.situationB.background
C.circumstancesD.condition
【答案】B。四个选项都表示“情况”的概念,而一个外籍老师的“情况”又该用什么词来表达,通过文章后半部的阅读考生就不难发现background一词,便可判断此处答案为B。
例2:Astheplanecircledovertheairport,everyonesensedthatsomethingwaswrong.……Movingthepilot(aside),themantookhisseatandlistenedcarefullytothe(urgent)instructionsthatwerebeingsentbyradiofromtheairport(below)。Theplanewasnowdangerouslyclose(to)theground,buttoeveryone‘s(relief),itsoonbegantoclimb.Themanhadto__84___theairportseveraltimesinordertobecome(familiar)withthecontrolsoftheplane.……Following__88___,themanguidedtheplanetowardtheairfield.
84.A.surroundB.circleC.observeD.view
88.A.impressionsB.information
C.inspectionsD.instructions
【答案】B/D。从上文中的circled可以推断84“在机场上盘旋”应该是B。从上文中listenedtotheinstructions可以判断88为D。这样,84为上文中circle的复现;followinstructions为listentoinstructions的复现。
例3:Manyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudents.……Itisthe______responsibilitytofindbooks,magazines,andarticlesinthelibrary.
A.student’sB.professor’sC.assistant’sD.librarian’s
【答案】A。从前面的responsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudents可以判断查找材料也应该是"学生"的责任,所以答案为A。
例4:Forcingyourselftorecall(almost)neverhelpsbecauseitdoesn't____yourmemory;itonlytightensit.
A.loosenB.weakenC.decreaseD.reduce
【答案】A。前后两部分互为解释,一为肯定,一为否定,为反义复现。从下文的tighten可以判断,上文应该是选loosen。
例5:Therearefourtypesofblood._______typesarefoundineveryrace,andnotypeisdistincttoanyrace.
A.AllB.MostC.NoD.Some
【答案】A。并列连词and说明前后语意一致,那么,前后应该是反义复现,与no反义的自然是A(all)。
例5:Manyteachersbelievethattheresponsibilitiesforlearningliewiththestudents.Ifalongreadingassignmentisgiven,theinstructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwiththe(information)inthereading……Whenresearchis______,theprofessorexpectsthestudenttotakeitactivelyandtocompleteitwith(minimum)guidance.
A.collectedB.assigned
C.distributedD.finished
【答案】B。该部分作者通过两个例子说明,应该有学生负责自己的学习,都是从"布置作业"方面解释。说明布置阅读作业时要求学生如何;布置研究作业时又该要求学生如何。两个例子概念复现,借助于givereadingassignment的表达方式,可以确定答案应该是B,构成assignresearch的结构。
例6:(Although)thesewidemodernroadsaregenerally(smooth)andwellmaintained,with(little)sharpcurvesandmanystraight(sections)……othersareunevenroad_______throughthecountry.
A.drivingB.curvingC.crossingD.traveling
【答案】B。上文中提高高速公路上的弯道时用的是curve,空格处复现“弯道”的概念,用的应该是与curve有关的动词,即curving。
例7:Regardlessofhismethod,heisworkingtoobtaina_______result:theconstructionofaharvestingmachine,theburningofalightbulb,oroneof(man)otherobjectives.
A.singleB.soleC.specializedD.specific
【答案】D。冒号后自然是对上文的解释,从解释的内容来看,三者统一于一个概念之下:specific为具体,所以答案为D。
例8:ConsidertheeverydayEnglish______"Goodbye".
A.expressionB.statementC.proverbD.conversation
【答案】A。Goodbye为所填之词的同位语,goodbye为下义词,其上义词应该是A,expression。
成考2013年专升本大学语文复习:写作知识到这里就讲解结束了,衷心希望同学们通过精品学习网整理的英语知识和学习方法运用到考试中去。
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