精品学习网成人高考频道小编为您整理了成人学位英语相关复习的内容,“成考学位英语辅导:学位英语名词修饰名词”,在这距成考越来越近的日子里,希望为您的复习助一臂之力!
现代英语的特色之一,是力求以简单的结构,表达复杂的思维。以名词作修饰语,简称“名词定语”(attributive nouns),便是朝向这目标的手段之一。
所谓名词修饰名词,就是以名词直接修饰另一名词,其作用和形容词相似。例如:
Science students; the Clinton Administration; dinner-time; oil industry; Christmas party 等。
下列是名词作修饰语时的语法功能:
⒈代替形容词(或形容词短语)或分词(或分词短语),如:
● country life→rural life
● China-U.S. relations→Sino-American relations
● a launch pad→a launching pad
● cube sugar→sugar formed in the shape of a cube.
⒉代替名词所有格,如:
● good rapport between consumer and producer countries →good rapport between consumers' and producers' countries.
● a proposal for a ceiling on ASEAN commodity imports→ a proposal for a ceiling on ASEAN's commodity imports.
⒊代替介词短语,如:
● a tool box→a box for tools.
● a television programme→ a programme on television.
● apple seeds →the seeds of an apple.
⒋代替同位语、形容词分句或不定式动词短语,如:
● his bank manager son→his son,(who is) a bank manager.
● an ASEAN joint conference report→a report to be jointly made by ASEAN(members).
上述四种情况是名词修饰名词的常见现象。这情形在报章上出现得更频繁。
最后有一点要注意的是,名词作修饰语时,与同词根的形容词或分词作修饰语,有什么语意上的差别呢?不同在于前者强调内容或职能;后者侧重属性和特征。试比较下面三组句子,以观察其不同:
a. labour intensity(劳工密集)
b. labouring people(劳动的人民)
a. a space rocket(宇宙火箭)
b. a spacious room(宽敞的房间)
a. an art gallery(艺术馆)
b. artistic effects(艺术的效果)
a. a history department(历史系)
b. a historic relic(历史遗迹)
a. riot police(防暴警察)
b. riotous police(闹事的/暴动的警察)
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