精品学习网成人高考频道小编为您整理了成人学位英语相关复习的内容,“2013年成人学位英语辅导:动词形态的误用”,在这距成考越来越近的日子里,希望为您的复习助一臂之力!
前此,谈到动词形态和被动语态的关系,并且指出动词过去分词的重要,以及它是许多错误之源。
除此之外,其他类型的错误,也屡见不鲜,包括下列四种:
㈠不定式动词(the infinitive),如:
① An applicant was rejected, but the personnel manager who rang up with the bad news promised to help her looked for a job elsewhere.
凡在“HELP+宾语”后面出现的一定是不定式动词,可以带“to ”,也可以不带“to”,但是绝对不可以是其他形式的动词,因此“ looked”要改为“look”或“to look”。
另一个和MAKE有关的句型,也常有形态问题,如:
② The sight of the horrible animal made our blood ran cold.
③ The long distance between Singapore and China makes Singapore's businessmen considering going to nearer countries to invest. www.yingyusanji.com
②里的“ran”和③里的“considering”都是动词形态之误,要分别改成“run”和“consider”才对。
要注意的是HELP后头的不定式动词可以有“to”或不带“to”,但MAKE后面的不定式动词绝对不可有“to”。
㈡过去分词(the past participle),如
④ Like other teaching methods, group discussion can assist students in solving recognising problems.
在英语里,过去分词和现在分词都可以转化为名词修饰语。前者表示被动及完成的活动;后者则表示主动及未完成的动作。④里的名词“problems”是已经认同的,因此现在分词“recognising”要改为过去分词“recognised”才合理。
同样的,⑤里的“describing”也要改为“described”。
⑤ The instructional techniques describing in the book have some striking features.
㈢原形动词,如:
⑥ Day in day out, housewives will lost contact with the outside world.
在英语助动词“do, shall, have”等或情态动词“can, may, must”等后面出现的是原形动词,其他形式的动词都不对。因此,⑥ 里的“lost”要改为“lose”。⑦和⑧里的“spent ”和“ entrusted”也应为“spend”和“entrust”。
⑦ Instead of joining violent demonstrators, students should spent their time studying.
⑧ Can mothers confidently entrusted their children to any day-care centre?
㈣动名词,如:
⑨ Prior to analyse teaching methods, it is important for the teacher to know something about the student's learning strategies.
⑨里的“prior to”等于介词“before”,后头带宾语。其中一种宾语是动名词或动名词短语(gerund/gerund phrase)。显然的,原形的“analyse”要变成“analysing”。⑩里的“engage”和╆里的“to repair and restore”也非改成“engaging”和“repairing and restoring”不可: ⑩ They should concentrate on their studies instead of engage themselves in mobs. ╆ The authorities spent a lot of money to repair and restore damaged public buildings.
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