精品学习网成人高考频道小编为您整理了成人学位英语相关复习的内容，“2013年成考学位英语辅导：非限定动词特色的比较”，在这距成考越来越近的日子里，希望为您的复习助一臂之力!
英语动词有限定(finite)和非限定(non-finite)两类。
句子中的谓语动词(predicative verb)是限定的;限定动词受人称(person)和数目(number)的限制。此外，还有时态(tense )、语态(voice)和情态(mood)等。例如：
① Good leaders serve the people whole-heartedly.
② Jason is giving a public lecture.
③ Who did it?
④ I would appreciate it if you could do me a favour.
在句子中可以施展其他功能的动词是非限定动词;这些动词具有一般动词的许多特性，但没有“人称”和“数目”的限制。
非限定动词分三种：不定式动词(the infinitive); 分词( the participle); 动名词(the gerund); 分词又分现在分词( the present participle)和过去分词(the past participle)。
例如：
⑤ Tom found the prescribed text hard to read.
⑥ Helen has a smiling face.
⑦ Your written English is good.
⑧ Smoking is harmful to health.
⑤里的是不定式动词;⑥里的是现在分词;⑦里的是过去分词;
⑧里的是动名词。
非限定动词及其短语，语法功能庞大，涉及下列五方面：
㈠ 当主语
不定式动词和动名词都可当句子的主语，取代名词和代名词。例如：
⑨ To swim in a warm day is joyful.
⑩ Swimming makes us hale and hearty.
㈡ 当补足语
可当主语的句子成分也可当补足语。例如：
● A good government's desire is serving the people.
● What is difficult is to hoodwink the public indefinitely.
同样的，现在分词与过去分词也可充当接系动词(the linking verb)的补足语。例如：
● The witness's evidence is quite convincing.
● At long last, John was fully convinced.
㈢ 当宾语
不定式动词和动名词都可充当及物动词的宾语。例如：
● The baby wanted to drink milk.
● Janet suddenly stopped talking.
它们也可以成为介词的宾语，但除了“except, but, about, than”之外，介词的宾语多数是动名词。
例如：
I am tired of repeating the same point.
Most of us desired nothing except to succeed.
Betty did nothing useful but talk(不带“to”)。
That weak old man is about to die.
㈣ 当名词修饰语
Don't disturb the sleeping dog.(现在分词)
Can you remove the damaged machine?(过去分词)
that is the only thing to do.(不定式动词)
The sailors came in a fishing boat.(动名词)
㈤ 当动词修饰语
Walking along the road, he came across a friend.(现在分词短语)
Extremely frightened, the picnickers fled.(过去分词短语)
The athlete stopped to take a rest?(不定式动词短语)
Peter came running.(动名词)
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