精品学习网成人高考频道小编为您整理了成人学位英语相关复习的内容,“2013年成考学位英语辅导:中英词序不同”,在这距成考越来越近的日子里,希望为您的复习助一臂之力!
中英两种语言的结构有很大不同,词序便是其中一种。例如英语单数人称代名词(singular personal pronouns)的秩序是:You and I; he and I; you, he and I.You常常居前;I则殿后。复数人称代词(plural personal pronouns)的位置是:We and you; you and they; we, you and they.We常常在最前;they在最后。
后面这词序和中文的一样,但前面那种排列,却和中文的不同: “我和你;我和他;我,你,他”。我常在前;他常在后。
简简单单的人称代词的秩序,就有这么大的差别,其他更复杂的结构之间的差异,可想而知了。
现在试再举些其他词序的差异,以飨读者。 ① 要分清敌我→We must distinguish between ourselves and the enemy. ② 男女老少→men and women, young and old ③ 发展钢铁工业→develop the iron and steel industry
此外,中英文并列的词语有轻重之分。中文往往把重的词放在前,把分量较轻的摆在后;英语则恰恰相反:轻者在前,重者在后。例如: ④ 无地和少地的农民→Those peasants who have little or no land…… ⑤ 救死扶伤→Heal the wounded and rescue the dying. (扶也可译为“support”或“assist”) ⑥ 使人民经济有所增长,有所补充→We must help the people to supplement and expand their economy.
上述中英词序的差异,稍微不察,便会出错,在各别使用中文式英语时,难免感到句式不自然,不舒畅;因此要多多留意。
其实,不谈两种不同语言的词序,就英语来说,词序(word order)也是运用上的错误之一,只是不比其他几种常见错误普遍罢了。
⒈频率副词(adverbs of frequency),如:
⑦a. Jim always is happy.
b. Jim is always happy.
⒉倒装句(inverted constructions),如:
⑧a. Only by working hard you can become useful to the country.
b. Only by working hard can you become useful to the country.
⑨a. Seldom I have seen such an irrational person.
b. Seldom have I seen such an irrational person.
⑩a. Under no circumstances we will help those not wishing to help themselves.
b. Under no circumstances will we help those not wishing to help themselves.
⒊可分开的片语动词宾语(objects of separable phrasal verbs),如:
11a. - Take off your hat, please!
Take off it now !
b. - O.K. Let me take it off straight away.
⑦a-11a的词序都错;⑦b-11b的才对。
精品学习网成人高考频道精心搜集的“2013年成考学位英语辅导:中英词序不同”就到这里了,我们会继续编辑更多更好的复习内容为您备考助力!祝各位小伙伴们复习愉快,早日梦想成真!