(北京市2011年中考英语一模预测试题)

四、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

A) 阅读短文，判断下列句子的正(A)误(B)

Imagine the year is 1666 and we can see a student called Isaac Newton. He’s away from his university for a holiday and at home with his family. Isaac Newton continues to study at home. He enjoys physics and thinking about the mysteries of the world.

On a day when there is rain and sun at the same time he sees a beautiful rainbow in the sky. It has many different colours, he is told that there are five. Newton wants to have his own rainbow because he wants to look at it closely. He decides to do an experiment. On a sunny day he goes inside a small room and he makes the room very dark. Then he makes a small hole and the sun comes inside, it’s a small ray of light. It’s white. Newton takes a prism and holds it up to the light. The ray of light goes through the prism, but it isn’t white now – there are many colours. The prism has split up(分解)the white light into different colours: Newton has a rainbow.

Newton looks at his rainbow carefully. He can see more than five colours, he can see seven. He says the colours are: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.

But Newton is a scientist and he’s always very interested in how things work. He has his rainbow but he wants to know more. So he takes another prism and holds it up to the rainbow. The rainbow goes through the second prism, but it isn’t colourful now – it’s white again. The prism has joined up the colours back into white light. Newton is the first person to understand that light is a combination of all the rainbow colours together.

Newton also understands how we can see colour. Imagine a leaf in the sunshine. All the rainbow colours fall on the leaf but it absorbs all these colours. The only colour that is reflected(反射) is green, so the leaf looks green. Different objects reflect different colours. And perhaps Newton’s favourite fruit is an orange – but what came first, the name of the fruit or the name of the colour?

46. In 1666 Isaac Newton was a university student learning physics.

47. Newton was told that there were five colours in a rainbow and he believed it.

48. Newton used a prism(棱镜)to split up the white light from the sun.

49. Newton understood that light was a combination(复合)of all the rainbow colours together.

50. The great man’s favourtie colour was orange because he liked orange fruit.

B) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable (一次性的) toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. Many guests like the idea because they don't have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. They want to ask people to use less disposable things.

Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources (资源) and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.

Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. Then you can use it over and over again. Do not use paper cups. At your school canteen(食堂), use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.

51. Why do many hotels provide guests with some disposable things?

A. Let their guests be convenient during their travelling.

B. Hope their guests use less disposable things.

C. Wish their guests to save money.

D. Want their guests to use more disposable things.

52. Some Beijing hotels will no longer provide guests with ____.

A. cheap food and drink B. disposable things

C. good service D. free TV programmes

53. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Many disposable things are made of plastic.

B. Throwing disposable things away is a waste of natural resources.

C. Plastic is very bad for the environment.

D. Plastic breaks down easily.

54. What can we do to make our world a better place at home and school?

A. Use shopping bags made of plastic. B. Do not throw away paper cups.

C. Use disposable plates, bowls and chopsticks. D. Do not forget to reuse daily necessities(日用品).

55. We can tell from the story that ____.

A. people don't like disposable things at all

B. we can't use paper or plastic bowls at school

C. we should use less plastic things and protect our environment

D. hotels won't provide disposable things because they want to save money

C) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever noticed an advertisement which says “Learn a foreign language in six weeks, or your money back! From the first day your pronunciation will be excellent. Just send…” and so on? Of course, it never happens quite like that. Anyone who learns a foreign language would think that it is not true.

The only language that is easy to learn is the mother tongue. What is the mother tongue? It is the first and main language that you learnt when you were a child. And think how much practice that a child gets!

Before the Second World War, people usually learned a foreign language in order to read the literary(文学的)works of the country. Nowadays, speaking the foreign language is what most people want. Every year many millions of people start learning one. How do they do it?

Some people try at home, with books and tapes; some use radio or television programs; others go to evening classes. If they use the language only two or three times a week, learning it will take a long time, like language learning at school. A few people try to learn a language fast by studying for six or more hours a day. It is clearly easier to learn the language in the country where it is spoken. However, most people cannot afford this, and many language learners need the language in order to do their work better. For example, scientists and doctors mainly need to be able to read books and reports in the foreign language. Machines and good books will help, but they cannot do the student’s work for him. Whether the language is learned quickly or slowly, it is hard work with a lot of training in reading, listening, speaking, and writing.

56.In the advertisement it is possible for a person to learn a foreign language ________. In fact, everyone who learns English would think it is not true.

A. more than a century B. half a week C. six years D. less than two months

57. Before the Second World War, people wanted to learn a foreign language in order to .

A. speak to each other B. write the literary report of the other country

C. read something they didn’t know D. listen to the radio

58. The easiest way for us to learn a foreign language is .

A. using the language six or more hours a day

B. learning the language at school

C. studying the language in the foreign country

D. reading the foreign stories as many as possible

59. Nowadays most people now learn a foreign language to .

A. read books and reports in a foreign language B. communicate(交流)with foreign friends

C. go to the other country for further study D. try their best to work better

60. The passage tells us that .

A. the more time you spend, the quicker you’ll learn the language

B. it is possible for you to learn a foreign language in six weeks

C. it is not good to learn a foreign language by yourselves

D. the quicker you learn a foreign language, the more you may pay for it

答案：

46-50 ABAAB 51-55 ABDDC 56-60 DCCBA