数词

考点一：基数词的基本用法，确指和泛指表达。

five hundred students, hundreds of students, five hundred of the students

Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum lies in the eastern part of Nanjing and it attracts _______ (百万) of

tourists every year. (江宁一模)

考点二：序数词。提醒：ninth, twelfth, twentieth。

①序数词表日期、楼层，世纪、生日、顺序。

1. Tom is busy preparing for a party to celebrate his sister’s _________ (twelve) birthday. (玄武)

2. —How was your day off yesterday? (江宁)

—Perfect! It was my grandma’s ________(eighty)birthday. We had a big cake.

②“a+序数词”表示“又一，再一”，强调动作的反复性。

③序数词后跟形容词的最高级

④序数词后跟动词不定式

考点三：分数表达

分子用基数词，分母用序数词;分子超过一，分母加-s。

A recent scientific report says three________ (eight) of the school students suffer from

sub-health(亚健康). (白下)

考点四：百分数表达。50 percent of the students

百分数和分数作主语，谓语动词跟后面的名词保持一致。

Two thirds of the students in our class ______ money to the poor girl recently. (玄武一模)

A.have raised B.has raised C.have donated D.has donated

考点五：有关词组

in the 1870s, in one’s thirties, nine in/out of ten

Though he's in his ________(六十几岁)，he's energetic enough to go round. (高淳)形容词

考点一：形容词置于系动词后作表语。

How _____ the song sounds! I have never heard a better one. (玄武一模)

A.beautifully B.sweet C.well D.bad

考点二：置于宾语后作宾语补足语。常与make, leave, keep, find, think等动词连用。

考点三：形容词比较级最高级的构成形式。

prettier, healthier, more slowly, earlier, further, thinner, worse, less, fewer

1. Is that Miss Lee? She is much________(苗条) than before. (白下)

2. The low-carbon(低碳) lifestyle makes us look _______ (healthy) than before. (溧水一模)

考点四：修饰比较级表示程度的词：much, a little, even, a lot, far, any, still。提醒：very不修饰比较级。

考点五：as…as…, not as/so…as…结构中用形容词或副词的原级，比较要在同类中进行。

She speaks English_______ an American, so we all believe that she has stayed in America for

many years. (溧水一模)

A. as good as B. as bad as C. as badly as D. as well as

考点六：表示“越来越……”时，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，

多音节词和部分双音节词用“more and more+比较级”结构。

考点七：表示“越……，越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。

考点八：表示“……中最……”时，用“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数形式”。

1. The Great Wall is one of the ________(奇观)of the world. (联合体)

2. Kitty is one of the ________ (slim) girls in her class. (玄武一模)

考点九：-ing形容词和-ed形容词辨析

You can't imagine________ when they received these nice Christmas presents. (溧水)

A. how excited they were B. how exciting they were

C. how excited were they D. how they were excited

考点十：许多形容词加-ly可以构成副词，但有些-ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词。

如：friendly, likely, daily, lively。It’s likely that…

考点十一：形容词的否定前缀：dishonest, impossible, impatient, impolite, incorrect, inactive, irregular。

否定后缀：homeless, harmless, hopeless, endless, careless。

1. —You will be ________ (welcome) if you speak loudly in the place like this. (江宁)

— I’ve got it. Thank you.

2. Though it seemed _________(hope) to pass the exam, he still kept on trying. (白下)

3. You needn’t be frightened because these insects are completely________(harm). (六合一模)

4. — Why do you say Sandy does her homework__________(careful)? (六合一模)

— Because she always makes many mistakes in her homework.

5. Peter is __________(active). I don’t think he is the suitable person to be our monitor. (白下一模)

考点十二：为避免重复替代上文提到的动词用do, does, did。

The girl spends at least as much time singing as she_________ . (溧水)

A. studies B. does in studying C. is studying D. does to study

副词

考点一：副词的用法：修饰动词，形容词，副词或句子。提醒：truly, widely, comfortably

1. With the money donated, we have______(success) helped many poor young girls return to school.

(白下)

2. It is ________ (广泛地) known that Nanjing will hold the 2014 Youth Olympic Games. (栖霞)

3. It was raining so _____(heavy) all the night that many roads were in water the next morning.

(联合体一模)

考点二：副词的比较级和最高级构成形式。

When a little bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become a

desert much________(easy). (建邺一模)

考点三：常置于句首的副词：also, instead, however, therefore, besides, luckily, sadly

—Stephen, did you visit Nanjing Confucius Temple the day before yesterday? (鼓楼)

—No, I didn’t go there as you told me. ______, I went to Jiming Temple with my parents.

A. Instead B. Also C. Otherwise D. However

考点四：相同的介副词和不同的动词搭配常常会放在一起进行辨析。单选和完形填空题型均会涉及。

—Excuse me, will the plane for Beijing __________within an hour? (鼓楼)

—I’m not sure. You can go to the Information Desk for help.

A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. show off介词

考点一：表示时间的介词：at, in, on, after, until, before, since, for, from

—Look! There are so many children in the park. (联合体一模)

—Yeah. Few of them like to stay at home a sunny Sunday morning.

A. at B. in C. on D. for

考点二：表示地点的介词：in, on, at, to, towards, over, above, in front of, in the front of, below, under

1. The temperature stays ________(在……之上) zero in winter here. You don’t have to carry

many clothes with you. (玄武)

2. — My bike is broken. May I go______yours? — Sorry, mine______broken down. (溧水一模)

A. on, is B. by, is C. on, has D. by, has

考点三：表示位置移动的介词：across, through, over, past

1. I walked _____ the post office and turned left into the Park Road. Then I found the bus stop just

on my right. (白下)

A. across B. past C. through D. along

2. —Oxfam trailwalkers in Hong Kong have to climb________ twenty hills and mountains.

—It’s really a tough hike. (鼓楼)

A. through B. around C. over D. along

考点四：It’s +adj. + of sb to do sth和It’s +adj. + for sb to do sth的区别

It’s kind ________ you to share the birthday cake with me. (栖霞)

A. of B. for C. to D. on

考点五：in和after的区别

Another tunnel from Saihongqiao to Gupinggang will be built ________ two years. (联合体)

A. after B. for C. in D. during

考点六：to作为介词的五大动词词组：look forward to, pay attention to, be used to(习惯于),

prefer…to…, devote…to…

1. Mr. Green is a Frenchman, but now he is used to_______(live) in China. (高淳)

2. As a young Chinese soldier in the 1960s, Lei Feng was known for devoting most of his spare

time and money to________(help) others. (江宁一模)

动词

考点一：动词时态

①一般现在时：用一般现在时表示一般将来时的几种情况：表示时刻表、日历;在时间或条件状语从

句里，如if, unless, until, as soon as, before, after等。客观事实或真理在宾语从句中无论主句时态

如何，都用一般现在时。

1. —Look, what have you done? (玄武)

—Sorry. I think if I _____ another chance, I’ll do it better.

A. give B. will be given C. will give D. am given

2. ---John, you can’t go out to play until your homework _________ (finish). ---Ok, Mum. (高淳)

②一般将来时：There will be…, There is/are going to be…

It’s said that there _____ a football match on TV this evening. (玄武)

A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have

③现在进行时：表示这个阶段在做某事也要用现在进行时。

④过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。

—Why weren’t you at the meeting? (联合体)

—I_________ for a call from my husband in Guangdong.

A. waited B. had waited C. was waiting D. will wait

一般过去时和过去进行时的区别。

⑤现在完成时：

吃透其含义过去发生的动作对现在的影响。寻找物品用现在完成时：Have you seen my pen?

since(自从……)后的时态用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。

非延续性动词不与表示一段时间的状语连用：how long，since+一点时间，for +一段时间。

1. — How long can I (借)this dictionary? — For two weeks. (玄武)

2. ---I’m sorry. I’m late for the music presentation. (高淳)

--- Why are you so late? The presentation _______ for 10 minutes.

A. has begun B. has stopped C. has been over D. has finished

when不与现在完成时连用。

---Do you know _______? ---Sorry, I have no idea. (高淳)

A. where did you park my car B. what’s the matter with him

C. how can I get to the park D. when they have finished the work

现在完成时和一般过去时区别。

John _______ at his uncle’s for 3 days and he is now at home. (白下一模)

A. stayed B. has stayed C. had stayed D. was staying

⑥现在分词和过去分词不规则形式。heard, forgotten, hung, paid, written

考点二：被动语态

①各种时态的被动语态构成。其中现在完成时的被动：has/have been +P.P.

Lots of trees ________in our city over the years. It is becoming greener and greener! (白下)

A. are planting B. have planted

C. will be planted D. have been planted

②完整的短语动词变为被动语态不可丢掉其中的介词或副词。

More attention should be paid to these words.

Good care should be taken of the children.

③主动语态跟动词原形作为宾语补足语，变为被动应加上to。Hear/watch/see/notice/make sb do sth.

变为被动：sb. be heard/watched/seen/noticed/made to do sth.

My cousin is made_________ (study) with his new friends in USA. (玄武)

④不使用被动语态的单词或词组：不及物动词, 系动词, be worth doing, happen, take place, appear,

disappear, sell well。

The cakes in the restaurant _____, so they _____ well. (玄武)

A. are tasted better; are sold B. are tasted well; sell

C. taste terrible; are sold D. taste nice; sell