2)时态

( 1)一般现在时

i get up at six o'clock every morning.

he doesn't speak russian.

they are very busy.

the moon moves round the earth.

when you see him, tell him to come to my place.

i'll go to see you tonight if i'm free.

( 2)一般过去时

i was in grade one last year.

i got up at five yesterday.

( 3)一般将来时

1. shall ( will)+动词原形

i shall ( will) go to your school tomorrow afternoon.

she will be here tomorrow.

2. be going to+动词原形

i'm going to help him.

( 4)现在进行时

we're reading the text now.

they're waiting for a bus.

( 5)现在完成时

i have already posted the letter.

they have lived here for ten years.

* ( 6)过去进行时

we were having a meeting this time yesterday.

the teacher was talking to some parents when i saw her.

* ( 7)过去完成时

we had learned four english songs by the end of last year.

the film had already begun when i got to the cinema.

she said that she had not heard from him since he left beijing.

* ( 8)过去将来时

he said he would go to the cinema that evening.

betty said she was going to visit her uncle next sunday.

3)被动语态

( 1)一般现在时的被动语态

english is taught in that school.

( 2)一般过去时的被动语态

the song was written by that worker.

( 3)一般现在时带情态动词的被动语态

she must be sent to hospital at once.

4)动词不定式

* ( 1)作主语

to learn a foreign language is not easy.

it is not easy to learn a foreign language.

( 2)作宾语

they began to read.

( 3)作宾语补足语

jim asked me to help him with his lessons.

we often heard her sing.

* ( 4)作定语

i have an important meeting to attend.

( 5)作状语

she went to see her grandma yesterday.

( 6)用在how, when, where, what, which等之后

i don't know how to use a computer.

do you know when to start?

he didn't know what to do next.

12. 句子种类

1)陈述句 ( 肯定式和否定式)

2)疑问句 ( 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)

3)祈使句 ( 肯定式和否定式)

*4)感叹句

*13. 句子成份

1)主语

betty likes her new bike.

he gets up early every day.

to learn a foreign language is not easy.

2)谓语

we work hard.

the boy caught a bird.

he is my brother.

they all look fine.

3)表语

her sister is a nurse.

it's me.

i'm ready.

he got angry.

we were at home last night.

his cup is broken.