为了帮助大家备战高考，精品学习网高考频道特整理了2016高考英语考点汇总，希望大家重点复习一下下面的内容。

But在高考中的四个考点解析

一、直接考查连词but在语境中的用法即要求考生根据试题的语境(看其是否有转折意味)来确定连词but的正确使用。这类考题通常会将连词but与连词and，so，or等结合起来考查。同学们做题时要注意比较，尤其要注意比较各个连词填入句子后，比较句意的逻辑性和通畅性。如：

1. You have failed two tests. You'd better start working harder，_________ you won't pass the course.

A. and B. so C. but D. or

「解析」D.or的意思是"否则""要不然"，只有此词填入空格，句意最通顺。

2. They wanted to charge $5，000 for the car，_________ we managed to bring the price down.

A. but B. so C. when D. since

「解析」A.前后两分句之间是转折关系，故用but.

3. -Somebody wants you on the telephone. -_________ no one knows I'm here.

A. For B. And C. But D. So

「解析」C."有人打电话来找我"与"没有人知道我在这里"是转折关系，故填but.

二、利用but的转折语境考查其他知识点即根据题干中连词but的转折性语境来确定相关知识点的选择。此时尤其要注意前后相关信息的对比、对照或互为相反义。如：

1. He has made a lot of films，but _________ good ones.

A. any B. some C. few D. many

「解析」C.由于句中用了转折连词but，所以要填few与前面的many相对比。

2. It's hard for him playing against me. I've got nothing to play for，but for him，he needs to win so _________.

A. far B. well C. little D. badly

「解析」D.句中的badly不是表示"糟糕地"，而是表示"很""非常"，这样用的badly主要与表示"想要"或"需要"的词语或短语(如want，need，be in need of等)连用。如：Our school is badly in need of English teacher. 我们学校急需英语教师。/ He wants to buy a new car badly. 他很想买辆新车。

3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I _________ have driven her there.

A. could B. must C. might D. should

「解析」D.比较："could+have+过去分词"的意思是"本来可以""本来应该""本来能够";"must+have+过去分词"的意思是"一定已经";"might+have+过去分词"的意思是"本来可以""本来可能";"should+have+过去分词"的意思是"本来应该".根据句意，显然只有D最佳。

三、考查but的相关结构或句式如考查not…but…，not only…but (also)…等句式的搭配和运用。如：

1. Between the two generations，it is often not their age，_________ their education that causes misunderstanding.

A. like B. as C. or D. but

「解析」D.题目考查not…but…的用法，其意为"不是……而是……".全句意为：两代人之间引起的误解往往不是他们的(不同)年龄，而是他们所受的(不同)教育。

2. Reality is not the way you wish things to be，nor the way they appear to be，_________ the way they actually are.

A. as B. or C. but D. and

「解析」C.此题也是考查not…but…结构。全句意为：现实不是你想象出来的事物的状态，也不是事物表象给人的感觉，而是其本来的样子。

四、考查连词but与定语从句的相互干扰大家知道，在含有定语从句的复合句中，我们是不能在主句与从句之间使用并列连词的。但是，命题者有时却会利用连词but与定语从句的相互干扰性来考查考生的辨别能力。如：

1. I don't mind her criticizing me，but _________ is how she does it that I object to.

A. it B. that C. this D. which

「解析」A.此题考查it is……that…这一强调句句型。句意为：我不介意她批评我，我反对的是她批评我的方式。由于句中使用了并列连词but，所以绝对不能选D.

2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday，but _________ didn't help.

A. it B. she C. which D. he

「解析」A.用it代替前面整句话的内容。但若去掉but，则选which.

Break常见短语及考点解析

1. The computer system _____suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.(2006年辽宁卷)

A. broke down B. broke out C. broke up D. broke in

解析：A由语境逻辑可以推出该空表示"坏了"，因此应填broke down.

2. To understand the grammar of the sentence，you must break it _____ into parts. (2005年湖北卷)

A. down B. up C. off D. out

解析：A break…… down在此意为"将……分解"，符合语境逻辑。

3. I was still sleeping when the fire _____ ，and then it spread quickly. (2006年广东卷)

A. broke out B. put out C. came out D. got out

解析：A由the fire与spread之间的语境逻辑可以推出该空表示"(火灾)发生"，因此应填broke out.以上三题都是考查break短语的用法，本文在此对其做一归纳。

1. break down

(1)破坏，毁掉;Who broke down the doors of our classroom?谁把我们教室的门打坏了?

(2)破除;The old rules must be broken down. 这些陈旧的规章制度必须废除。

(3)制服;The police tried to break down the prisoners' opposition.警方设法制服囚犯的反抗。

(4)坍塌，坏掉;Because of explosion the bridge broke down last night. 由于爆炸，昨夜这座桥倒塌了。

(5)(计划等)失败，破裂;Your plan has broken down. What a pity!你的计划失败了，真遗憾!

Why did the peace talks break down?为什么和谈失败了?

(6)(健康、精神)崩溃;After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. 长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。

(7) 分解This matter will break down in water. 这种物质在水中会分解。

2. break up

(1)解散，驱散。如：The police broke up the crowd (the meeting)。警察驱散了人群(集会)。

(2)(学校等)放假。如：When do you break up for Christmas?你们什么时候放圣诞节假?

(3)结束，破裂。如：The weather shows signs of breaking up. 好天气看样要过去了。

Their marriage is breaking up. 他们的婚姻濒临破裂。

(4)击碎，撞碎。如：The ship broke up on the rocks. 船触礁撞毁了。

Let's break up the whole into parts. 让我们化整为零。

(5)绝交。如：She's just broken up with her boy-friend. 她刚与男朋友绝交。

3. break in破门而入，打断Last night a thief broke in and stole away his camera. 昨夜一个小偷闯了进来，偷走了他的相机。

He broke in with some ideas of his own.他插了话，说了说自己的一些看法。

4.break into破门而入，突然……起来They broke into the prison and set free all the prisoners. 他们冲进监狱，释放了所有的囚犯。

Hearing the sad news，the old woman broke into tears. 听到这个悲哀的消息，这位老年妇女突然哭了起来。

5. break out战争爆发，争吵爆发,(火灾)发生When did the war break out?这场战争是什么时候爆发的?

I have heard that a quarrel broke out between them. 我听说他们之间爆发了争吵。

More than one hundred fires broke out in our city last year. 去年我市发生了一百多起火灾。

6. break away from打破陈规;奋力挣脱;放弃习惯You must break away from these old customs. 你们必须破除这些旧风俗。

The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 狗挣脱了主人，跑了。

You'd better break away from the habit of smoking. 你最好改掉吸烟的习惯。

7. break through 出现，突破It was a cloudy day，but the sun at last broke through.原本是个阴天，不过太阳最后还是出来了。

Our soldiers successfully broke through the enemy's defences. 我们的战士成功地突破了敌军的防线。

8. break into pieces破成碎片The mirror fell to the ground and broke into pieces. 镜子掉到地上摔成了碎片。

9. break one's word/promise食言，说话不算数I believe in him，because he never breaks his word / promise. 我信任他，因为他从来不食言。

10. break the law/rule违反法律/规章制度Nobody can break the rules of our company. 没有人能违背我们公司的规章制度。

11. break forth突然发出，爆发，迸发，发作The crowd broke forth in cheers. 欢呼声从人群中迸发出来。

12. break in two使破成两半When I hit the ball，my bat broke in two. 击球时我的球拍断成两截。

13. break the record打破纪录This athlete has just broken the world record in men's high jump.这名运动员刚刚打破了男子跳高世界纪录。

14. break one's heart使某人心碎，使某人悲痛欲绝To tell you the truth，the bad news broke my heart at that time. 说实话，那时这个坏消息使我悲痛万分。

Take高考常考短语及考点解析

一、短语归纳

1. take after 长相或举止像(某个长辈)(不用进行时)

Mary really takes after her mother;she has the same eyes，nose and hair. 玛丽真像她妈妈，眼睛、鼻子和头发都一个样。

2. take apart把(小型机器、钟表等)拆开;拆散;(在体育运动或比赛中)把……彻底打败;对……苛求;严厉批评Take the watch apart and see if you can see what‘s wrong with it. 把手表拆开来看看你能不能检查出什么毛病。

England was really taken apart by Italy in last night‘s match. 在昨晚的比赛中，英格兰队可谓给意大利队打得溃不成军了。

3. take as 看作，认为(=regard / consider / look on / treat …… as)

I took your nod as a sign of approval. 我把你的点头看作是同意的表示了。

4. take away 拿走;使停学，使离开;使消失;减去The child was taken away(辍学)from school. Now I‘ll give you some tablets to take away(使消失)the pain.

Take away(减去)2 from 4 and you get 2.

take away from 贬低(有益或令人满意之事物)的作用His refusal to accept the prize does not take away from his success in winning it. 他拒绝领奖无损于他赢得此奖的斐然成绩。

5. take back承认说错了(话)，收回(诺言、话语);使回忆起;送回，还回去;退(货)

I‘m sorry I was rude;I take back everything I said. 对不起我失礼了，我承认我所说的全都错了。

Seeing that old film really took me back!观看那部旧电影的确使我回想起了过去的岁月。

6. take down拿下，取下;记下来;褪下(裤子等穿于腰以下的衣物);把(大型机器或大物件)拆成零部件;把……拆卸开(tear down 推倒;拆毁pull down 拆毁)

When the picture was taken down，the wall looked very bare. 把那幅画取下来后墙壁就显得毫无装饰了。

We‘ll have to take the engine down to get to the gearbox. 我们得先拆卸发动机，才能接触到变速箱。