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第I卷(共103分)

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions  In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.  After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. $100.    B. $40.    C. $20.    D. $60.

2. A. Go to see a movie.       B. Leave for Chicago.

C. Meet her aunt at the station.     D. Prepare a party.

3. A. She doesn’t have any time.     B. It doesn’t bother her to wait.

C. She’s never had to wait before.    D. She hasn’t seen anyone at all.

4. A. History.    B. Mathematics.  C. Literature.   D. Politics.

5. A. She is only too pleased to come.    B. She was an excellent mountain-climber.

C. She didn’t go in for mountaineering.   D. She was too busy to come.

6. A. Read an article on political science.   B. Read more than one article.

C. Present a different theory to the class.   D. Choose a better article to read.

7. A. Place another order.      B. Call on to check on it.

C. Wait patiently.        D. Go and find the furniture.

8. A. She regards it as an exercise.     B. She wants to save money.

C. She loves doing anything that is new.   D. Her office isn’t very far.

9. A. At home.         B. At the riverside.

C. At the health center.      D. At his office.

10. A. He needs to find a new job.     B. He can’t find his keys.

C. His car needs to be repaired.    D. He doesn’t know where his keys are.

Section B

Directions In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. The doctor was not very experienced.

B. The doctor hadn’t seen the medical reports.

C. The patient didn’t work well with the doctor.

D. The patient was misunderstood by the doctor.

12. A. The doctor treated her with the help of her previous doctors.

B. The doctor always listened to her and believed her.

C. The doctor treated her as a hopeless patient.

D. The doctor treated her with strong medicines.

13. A. To change her job.

B. To keep a closer relationship with her family.

C. To send him a note every day.

D. To get married.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. A piece of equipment.

B. The workbook of the laboratory course.

C. The framework of the laboratory course.

D. One experiment of the laboratory course.

15. A. The students must follow the instructions carefully.

B. A great deal of equipment is available to all the students.

C. Students can make their own choices about the activities.

D. Homework must be handed in according to instructions.

16. A. The activities are to be done in class.

B. The activities take less time than the experiment.

C. The students are not required to do the activities.

D. Few detailed instructions are given for the activities.

Section C

Directions In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you hear.

Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation

Complete the report form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.

Summer holidays with Father

Lily’s feelings about the summer holidays with her father      17     .

Why did Lily and her sister take a summer course this year? Because her father thought he      18      the part of their education.

Lily’s summer course included      19      history and navigation.

The goal of Lily and her sister’s sail Towards an      20     .

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions  After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

Learning in China

We can always hear voices comparing the educational systems in China and the US. It’s true that there exist a lot of differences, but this cannot be an excuse (25) ______ having a passive attitude toward studying in China.

When I came back from the US last year and continued my senior middle school education in China, I sensed many great differences. I thought that school in China was too hard, and that we didn’t do enough fun exercise except running around playgrounds together. I was not patient enough and I couldn’t help but (26)______(cry) to my mom. In short, I (27) ______ not face the changes and the pressure.

After a long talk with my mother, I realized that though high school life in China is (28) ______ (hard), it can give us more. The pressure helps us learn the true meaning of competition before we step into society, which gives us a (29) ______ (determine) heart and teaches us to step forward (30) ______ ______ ______ the reality is. It’s like climbing a mountain, which might make you dizzy and nervous, but the top is always there waiting for you as long as you are strong enough (31) ______ (take) one more step.

Meanwhile, an easy life is not always good for us. Even some of my American friends call (32)______ “lazy Americans”, because the school in the US is not always easy. When they go to college, they also need to work very hard. We complain mainly because we can’t see the whole picture.

Sometimes we just simply listen to others’ words without thinking about (33) ______they’re true. We can’t always complain. Instead, we all need to understand that success takes efforts and tears.

(B)

Science – A way of Thinking

Many scientists, from their earlier work, have enough knowledge to make good guess as to the solution to a problem which (34) ______(work) on. In making new discoveries, they may use the trial-and-error method, they may draw on past experiences, or they may try to find out (35) ______others have discovered. They may design new investigations and new ways of testing their results. Scientists have to train themselves to use their brains efficiently.

For example, when Thomas A. Edison was trying to make an electric lamp, he needed the only substance inside the bulb (36) ______would glow brightly without burning up quickly. He tried more than one thousand times (37) ______he found the exact substance he could use. After he had experimented for a long time, someone asked Mr. Edison whether he was discouraged at the waste of time. He replied, “I have not been wasting time. I (38)______ (find) one thousand materials that won’t work. Now I can look for others.” Edison’s statement is very important. Above all, scientists demand to know when and where they are wrong. A good question to ask in science is not “Am I right?” but “Am I wrong?”.

Scientists spend many years of study (39) ______ (train) themselves to use their brains and the tools of investigation. They also use each other’s work. Isaac Newton, (40) who is ______ unique British scientist, said he saw further than others because he stood on the shoulders of giants.

Section B

Directions Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. dominance          B. consistent         C. necessarily          D. adapted

E. sense               F. emergence         G. expressive          H. simply

I. evolved              J. copied            K. actually

Grammar is universal and plays a vital part in every language. So the question which has puzzled many linguists is who created grammar?

In order to answer the question of how complex languages are _41_ formed, the researcher needs to observe how languages are started from scratch. To find out how grammar is created, someone needs to be present at the time of a language’s creation, documenting its _42_. At first, it seems that this question is impossible to answer. Amazingly, this is possible.

Some of the most recent languages _43_ due to the Atlantic slave trade, when slaves from a number of different ethnicities were forced to work together under the colonizer’s _44_. Since they had no opportunity to learn each other’s languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin (混杂语). Pidgins are strings of words _45_ from the language of the landowner. Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue. Slave children did not _46_ copy the strings of words uttered by their elders, they _47_ their words to create a new language.

Further evidence of this can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Previously, all deaf people were isolated from each other, but in 1979 a government introduced schools for the deaf. Although children were taught speech and lip reading in the classroom, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, which was basically a pidgin. Each child used the signs differently, and there was no _48_ grammar. However, when this inventive sign system was already around, a quite different sign language was developed.

Therefore it would appear that even the most widespread languages were partly created by children. Children appear to have innate (天生的) grammatical machinery in their brains, which springs to life when they are first trying to make _49_ of the world around them. Their minds can serve to create _50_, complex structures, even when there is no existing grammar for them to copy.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But _51_ some claims to the contrary, laughing quietly probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does _52_ short-term changes in the activity of the heart and its blood vessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to _53_, a good laugh is unlikely to have _54_ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

_55_, instead of stretching muscles tightly to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the _56_. Studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter

57_ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the noisy laugh dies down.

Such bodily reaction might imaginably help moderate the effects of psychological stress. After all, the act of laughing probably does give rise to other types of _58_ feedback that improve an individual’s emotional state. _59_ one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted in physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry because they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

Although sadness also comes before tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow from muscular _60_. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany and his colleagues asked volunteers to _61_ a pen either with their teeth – thereby creating an artificial smile – or with their lips, which would cause a(n) _62_ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles _63_ more cheerfully to funny cartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, _64_ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. _65_, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.

51. A. among   B. except    C. despite    D. like

52. A. reflect   B. demand   C. indicate   D. produce

53. A. release   B. maintain   C. evaluate   D. observe

54. A. measurable  B. manageable   C. affordable   D. renewable

55. A. In turn   B. In fact    C. In addition   D. In brief