英国和美国在文化、经济、军事、政治和科学在世界上的领先地位使得英语成为一种国际语言，以下是英语2015-2016高考一轮复习专题训练：Module1《Life in the Future》，请考生练习。

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共两节)

第一节　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

All day long，litter builds up between brain cells.A study now finds that trash(垃圾)is washed away by fluids in the brain during sleep.That's potentially good news because such garbage(废物) includes a substance linked to Alzheimer's disease.

Evidence of this brain washing emerged in a study on mice.But the finding gave researchers an idea of what may happen in the brains of sleeping people.

A sleep researcher at the University of Wisconsin-Madison，Chiara Cirelli called the new finding “eye-opening and exciting”.

Maiken Nedergaard is a neuroscientist.Her team had been studying a drainage process in the brain that acts like a sewer system(排水系统).What the scientists hadn't expected was to find that this system performs a different role during sleep than it does while animals are awake.As animals slept，fluids began flowing from the brain into the spaces between brain cells.These fluids washed away the junk that had built up while animals were awake.

Other studies had shown that during waking hours，brain cells pump out bits of protein and other substances.The longer someone stays awake，the more litter builds up.That trash includes proteins that gather in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease，which causes people to lose the ability to think，learn and remember.

Once mice fell asleep，fluids flowed into their brains.“It was almost like you opened a tap”，Nedergaard said.As the fluid passed through the spaces between brain cells，it washed away the litter.The tap slowed to a trickle(涓流) when mice woke up.

The scientists then looked closely at the brain cells.They found that the cells shrank during slumber(睡眠)—enough to open space through which the fluid can flow freely.When mice were awake，the cells swelled，lessening the fluid's flow.

The newfound house-cleaning activity occurs in a part of the brain that few people study，noted scientist Houzel.“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space，”she said.

The new discovery also may help scientists solve an age-old mystery：Why do animals sleep?Every animal does it.Without it，they die，although no one knows why.Some studies suggest that the brain solidifies memories during sleep.However，Nedergaard notes，“You don't die from forgetting what you learned yesterday.”

1.According to the text，Maiken's discovery was________.

A.a real surprise　　　B.a natural result

C.a big reward D.a personal purpose

解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What the scientists hadn't expected...animals are awake.”可知，他们并没有想到会发现这个现象，因此这属于一个意外的发现，所以选A。

2.When we are awake，________.

A.brain cells take in more proteins

B.litter of proteins build up in our brains

C.fluids in the brain continue flowing

D.our brains have more fluids flow

解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The longer someone stays awake，the more litter builds up.”可知，当我们醒着的时候，大脑分泌出来很多垃圾并且在大脑中堆积。

3.From what Houzel said，we know the space between brain cells________.

A.is in fact a kind of space

B.has ever been carefully studied

C.used to be regarded as unimportant

D.is where litter is stored in the end

解析：选C。推理判断题。结合倒数第二段中的“That space between brain cells is usually disregarded.It's considered just space”可知，原先人们对大脑中细胞之间的空隙没有给予太多的重视，认为仅仅是空间，因此选C。

4.What Nedergaard said in the last paragraph suggests that________.

A.we can't remember what we learned yesterday

B.it is very easy for us to forget the past things

C.the loss of memories may cause a person to die

D.we may die from lack of sleep rather than memories

解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Why do animals sleep?Every animal does it.Without it，they die”以及“You don't die from forgetting what you learned yesterday.”可知，人会因为缺少睡眠而死，但不会因为失去记忆而死。故选D。