【典例分析】

【例1】 理解主旨、要义(Know about the main idea)

任何一段对话或独白总是围绕一个主旨或者一个中心展开的。有时，主旨和要义比较明确;有时则会贯穿整个对话或独白，须我们自己去归纳、概括。

M: I hope it’ll be fine tomorrow. I’m going boating with Tom.

W: Oh, I think it will be fine.

M: Yes, I beard it on the radio.

What are the two speakers talking about ?

A.A fine boat.

B.Their friend, Tom.

C.The weather.

【例2】获取事实性的具体信息(Understand detailed factual information)

为了说明和解释主旨，对话或独白中需要具体信息，如时间、地点、人物等。这些信息是理解和把握对话主旨必不可少的内容，是听力考查的重点项目。

M: Well, I wondered why the office is still not open.

W: But it’s not yet eight. In fact, it’s only a quarter to eitht.

At what time does the office open?

A.7:45

B. 8:15

C.8:00

【例3】 对背景、说话者之间的关系能作出简单的推断(Inferring the background and relationship between the speakers)

对话或独白发生的背景及说话者之间的关系对话语的含义有举足轻重的作用。对说话背景、说话者之间关系的理解程度，在一定程度上可以体现一个人对口语的理解能力，因而是听力考查的重点项目。

常提的问题是：

What’s the relationship between the speakers?

What can we learn from the dialogue?

M: Excuse me, Madam.

W: Yes?

M: Does this bus go to Zhongshan Road?

W: Yes, I think so.

M: Thank you.

W: You're welcome.

What is the relationship between the speakers?

A.They are friends.

B.They are strangers.

C.They are brother and sister.

【例4】 理解说话者的意图、观点或态度(Understand the speakers’ intention, views and attitude)

一般说来，说话者总会有其意图，或提出问题，回答问题，或阐述自己的想法或意见。这在很大程度上有助于对整个对话的理解。有时，说话者的意图或观点是明说出来的，有时则隐含在对话的句里行间，需听者去揣摩、推断。

常提的问题是：

What’s the most probable result of the conversation?

What can we know about the man( woman)?

W: Can I help you?

M: Yes, I bought this radio two days ago, but I’m afraid it doesn’t work. I’d like to change it for another one.

W: Oh, dear. Yes, of course. Have you got your receipt?

M: Yes, here it is.

W: Thank you. Just a moment, please.

What is the most probable result of the conversation?

A. The man got this radio repaired.

B. The man got a new receipt.

C. The man got a new radio.

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