第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

A Multitasking

People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.

Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (寻求刺激) or imperative (冲动) they were. They then evaluated the  participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.

Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.

“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity, but because they’re distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said.

Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.

The findings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”

21. The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask ______.

A. seek high productivity constantly(连续不断)

B. prefer handling different things when getting bored

C. are more focused when doing many things at a time

D. have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time

22. When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they ______.

A. assessed(评价) the multitasking ability of the students

B. evaluated (评价)the academic achievements of the students

C. analyzed the effects of the participants’ tricky mental tasks

D. measured the changes of the students’ understanding ability

23. According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their ______.

A. limited power in calculation

B. interests in doing things differently

C. inability to concentrate on one task

D. impulsive desire to try new things

24. From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually ______.

A. drive very skillfully

B. go in for different tasks

C. fail to react quickly to potential dangers

D. refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior

B

When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish foundation(基金会), nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make-A-Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one her best friends .We were interested in finding out more ,so we went along to meet Sophia listen to what she had to say .

Sophia told us that Make-A-Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. “It’s a charity(慈善机构)that helps children who have got very serious illnesses. Make-A-Wish help children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true,” Sophia explained.

We asked Sophia how Make-A-Wish had first started .She said it had all begun with a very sick young boy called Chris ,who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman .Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris’s dream come true ----so, with everybody’s help , Chris, only seven years old at the time ,had been a “policeman” for a day .” when people saw how delighted Chris was when his dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make-A-Wish,” explained Sophia.

Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ones who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.

25. Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had ________.

A. benefited from it     B. volunteered to help it

C. dreamed about it     D. told the author about it

26. According to Sophia, Make-A-Wish  ________.

A. is an international charity

B. was understood by nobody at first

C. raises money for very poor families

D. started by drawing the interest of the public

27. What is said about Chris in Paragraph3?

A. He has been a policeman since he was seven.

B. He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-Wish

C. He wanted people to help make his dream come true.

D. He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.

28. Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers?

A. They are important for making wishes come true.

B. They try to help children get over their illnesses.

C. They visit sick children to make them feel special.

D. They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.

C

Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone, and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch. Some in the city can’t wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic(未来的)eyewear is likely to include.

" I'd use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a. m. and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open," said Walter Choo, 40, of Fort Greene.

The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600, the Times said, possibly including a variation of augmented(增强的) reality, a technology already available on smartphones and tablets (平板电脑) that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings. So, for example, if you were walking down a street, indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.

“As far as a mainstream consumer product, this just isn't something anybody needs,” said Sam Biddle, who writes for Gizmodo.com. “We're accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things,” he added, “and the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device (装置) that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”

9to5Google publisher Seth Weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year, said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.

“It's just like smartphones 10 years ago,” Weintraub said. “A few people started getting emails on their phones, and people thought that was crazy. Same kind of thing. We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones, and it's unnatural,” he said. “There's gonna be improvements to that, and this a step there.”

29. One of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses is to ____.

A. program the opening hours of a bar

B. supply you with a picture of the future

C. provide information about your surroundings

D. update the maps and GPS in your smartphones

30. The underlined phrase "pop up" in the third paragraph probably means " ____".

A. develop rapidly                  B. get round quickly

C. appear immediately             D. go over automatically

31. According to Sam Biddle, the smartphone-like glasses are ____.

A. necessary for teenagers          B. attractive to New Yorkers

C. available to people worldwide    D. expensive for average consumers

32. We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphone-like glasses ____.

A. may have a potential market       B. are as common as smartphones

C. are popular among young adults    D. will be improved by a new technology

D

When asked about happiness, we usually think of something extraordinary, an absolute delight, which seems to get rarer the older we get.

For kids, happiness has a magical quality. Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved(毫不掩饰的).

In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes. Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement, love and popularity. I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.

In adulthood the things that bring deep joy—-love, marriage, birth—-also bring responsibility and the risk of loss. For adults, happiness is complicated(复杂的)

My definition for happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”. The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, and even good health.

I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday. First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch-box and had the house to myself. Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing, which I love. When the kids and my husband came home, I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.

Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work. I don’t think that my grandmother, who raised 14 children, had much of either. She did have a network of close friends and family, and maybe this is what satisfied her.

We, however, with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area, have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have. We’ve so self-conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable. So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success, without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier

Happiness isn’t about what happens to us—-it’s about how we see what happens to us. It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative. It’s not wishing for what we don’t have, but enjoying what we do possess.

33. What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?

A. She cares little about her own health

B. She enjoys the freedom of traveling

C. She is easily pleased by things in daily life

D. She prefers getting pleasure from housework

34. What can b informed from Paragraph 7?

A. Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness

B. Psychologists’ opinion is well proved by Grandma’ s case

C. Grandma often found time for social gatherings

D. Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life

35. People who equal happiness with wealth and success_______________.

A. consider pressure something blocking their way

B. stress then right to happiness too much

C. are at a loss to make correct choices

D. are more likely to be happy

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)