1. 不及物动词无被动语态。

What will happen in 100 years.

The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。

This pen writes well.

This new book sells well.

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带to ，但变为被动语态时，须加上to 。

例：make somebody do something

→somebody+ be +made to do something

see somebody do something

→somebody +be +seen to do something

A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.

→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.

The boss made the little boy do heavy work.

→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语(物)作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。

He gave me a book.

→A book was given to me by him.

He showed me a ticket.

→A ticket was shown to me by him.

My father bought me a new bike.

→A new bike was bought for me by my father.

5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。

We can’t laugh him.

→He can’t be laugh by us.

He listens to the radio every day.

→The radio is listened to by him every day.

The nurse is taking care of the sick man.

→The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.

只要你掌握了以上一些方法，

使用被动语态的一般因由

1. 不易说出动作或状态的「发出者」

例如：

This building was completed in 1980.

* 由谁建成，不易说出。

2. 不便说出动作或状态的「发出者」

例如：

The meeting has been postponed till Friday.

3. 动作或状态的「承受者」比「发出者」更需强调

例如：

A press conference was held last night.

4. 为了修辞

例如：

The teacher loves the students and is loved by them.

态： A book was given him by me.

含有情态动词的被动语态构成：Modal verbs and the passive voice

情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词

Students will learn how to use modal verbs in the passive voice to express ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc. They are also expected to learn to use modal verbs in the passive voice in the present and the past tenses.

Young trees must be watered often.

Your mistakes should be corrected right now.

The door may be locked inside.

Your homework can be handed in tomorrow.

Verbs often used in the passive voice

Here students will learn some of the verbs that are often used in the passive voice. And they should know that these verbs function as adjectives.

The teacher may begin this part by asking students to complete some sentences by choosing one of the two words given. The words in bold are the correct answers. For example,

1.The children are getting        about the coming holiday. (exciting; excited)

2.Don't you get        of arguing about the same thing all the time? (tiring; tired)

3.Joan isn't very good at Physics, so everyone was        when she passed the exam.(surprising; surprised)

4.All of us were very        last Saturday because our team lost the game.(disappointing; disappointed)

5.It was snowing last night. So everything is          with snow this morning.(covering; covered)

6.My parents are quite        with my test results. (pleasing; pleased)

7.Both of them are        with the arrangement. (satisfying; satisfied)

Ask students why they choose the verb-ed forms but not verb-ing forms.

注：黑体字为答案。

自主演练

A.单项填空

1、 It’s said that about a quarter of _______ European can speak _________ foreign language besides their native language.

A the; a   B an; the   C the; the   D 不填;不填

2、I like ________in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.

A this   B either   C it   D one

3、Do you really believe that Mr. White has blamed us for the accident, especially ________?

A you and me   B I and you   C you and I   D you and me

4、As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, __________.

A the more for life are you equipped

B the more equipped for life you are

C the more life you are equipped for

D you are equipped the more for life

5、American eat ______ as they actually need every day.

A twice as much protein   B twice protein as much twice

C twice protein as much   D protein as twice much

6、Jason has been preparing carefully for his English examination so that he could be sure of passing it at his first _________.

A purpose   B desire   C attempt   D intention

7、John and I ________ friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we ________ each other a couple of times before that.

A had been; have been   B have been; have been

C had been; had seen   D have been; had seen

8、I ________ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time.

A had fallen asleep   B have fallen asleep   C fell asleep   D fall asleep

9、Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _________ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.

A had considered   B has been considering

C considered      D is going to consider

10、The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics ________by 2006.

A has been completed     B has completed

C will have been completed    D will have completed

11、The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945, and their power ________ increased enormously ever since.

A is   B was   C has been   D had been

12、More patients ________ in hospital this year than last year.

A treated   B have treated   C had been treated   D have been treated

13、Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she _________.

A has done   B had done   C was doing   D is doing

14、Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _________ the Pacific, and we met no storms.

A was called   B is called   C had been called   D has been called

15、________ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

A To wait   B Have waited   C Having waited   D To have waited

16、It is said that Barbara’s sister fell off her bicycle on her way to school, _________ in the left leg.

A seriously damaging      B hurting badly

C breaking seriously       D badly hurt

17、Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I _______ so much fried chicken just now.

A shouldn’t eat         B mustn’t have eaten

C shouldn’t have eaten     D mustn’t eat

18、It seems as if the sun ________ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west.

A circles B is circling    C has been circling   D were circling

19、They must have been enjoying themselves there, otherwise they _________ so long.

A can’t have stayed       B wouldn’t have stayed

C needn’t have stayed       D couldn’t stay

20、A fast food restaurant is the place ________ ,just as the same suggests, eating is performed quickly.

A which     B where     C there     D what

B.短文填空

The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet(彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably    the southern half of the Earth.

______17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth’s        (大气层) with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the       part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the      of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Huge waves are created and spread        from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African       are totally destroyed and millions of people are_______   .

Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet      in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes are      off in the Andes Mountains. The shock       move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely      by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead,       the north won’t         for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, temperatures around the world      to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won’t be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for    A year later, no more than 10 million people remain         .

Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs(恐龙) were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in      . The dinosaurs couldn’t live