第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题，每题2分，满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher? A doctor? How about an ice-cream taster?

Yes, there really is a job where you can get paid to taste ice-cream. Just ask John Harrison, an “Official Taste Tester” for the past 21 years. Testing helps manufacturers to be sure of a product’s quality. During his career Harrison has been responsible for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream — as well as for developing over 75 flavors (味道).

Some people think that it would be easy to do this job: after all, you just have to like ice cream, right? No — there’s more to the job than that, says Harrison, who has a degree in chemistry. He points out that a dairy or food-science degree would be very useful to someone wanting a career in this “cool” field.

In a typical morning on the job, Harrison tastes and assesses 60 ice-cream samples. He lets the ice cream warm up to about 12℉. Harrison explains, “You get more flavor from warmer ice cream, which is why some kids like to stir it, creating ice-cream soup.”

While the ice cream warms up, Harrison looks over the samples and grades each one on its appearance. “Tasting begins with the eyes,” he explains. He checks to see if the ice cream is attractive and asks himself, “Does the product have the color expected from that flavor?” Next it’s time to taste!

Continuing to think up new ideas, try out new flavors, and test samples from so many kinds of ice cream each day keeps Harrison busy but happy — working at one cool job.

56. What is John Harrison’s job?

A. An official. B. An ice-cream taster.

C. A chemist. D. An ice-cream manufacturer.

57. According to John Harrison, to be qualified in the “cool field”, it is helpful to ______.

A. keep a diary of work B. have a degree in related subjects

C. have new ideas every day D. find out new flavors each day

58. What does Harrison do first when testing ice cream?

A. He stirs the ice cream. B. He examines the color of the ice cream.

C. He tastes the flavor of the ice cream. D. He lets the ice cream warm up.

59. Which of the following is probably the best title of the passage?

A. Tasting with Eyes B. Flavors of Ice Cream

C. John Harrison’s Life D. One Cool Job

B

It’s great fun to explore(探索)new places—it feels like an adventure，even when you know you’re not the first to have been there. But make sure not to get lost or waste time going round in circles.

● Do the map reading if you’re being driven somewhere. It’ll be easier if you keep turning the map so it follows the direction you’re traveling in. Keep looking ahead so that you can give the driver lots of warning before having to make a turn or you’ll have to move to the back seat.

● Get a group of friends together and go exploring. You'll need a good map, a compass (指南针), a raincoat, a cell phone to call for help in case you get lost, and a bit of spare cash for emergencies (应急现金). Tell someone where you’re going before you set out and let them know what time you expect to be back. The test is in not getting lost, not in seeing how fast you can go, so always stick together，waiting for slower friends to catch up.

● See if your school or a club organizes orienteering activities, in which you need a map and a compass to find your way. This can be done as a sport, with teams trying to find the way from A to B (and B to C, etc.)in the fastest time, or simply as a spare-time activity. Either way, it’s not only good fun, but a great way to keep fit.

60. Sitting beside the driver, you should___________.

A. direct the driver when necessary

B. look ahead to see where there’s a turn

C. move to the back seat if feeling uncomfortable

D. keep looking at the map to find a place to go to

61. Why do you need to tell someone your exploration plan before serving out?

A. To get information when in danger.

B. To be saved in case or an accident.

C. To share the fun with him/her in exploration.

D. To tell him/her what’s going on with the group members.

62. Orienteering activities can______________.

A. make people work fast B. help people stay healthy

C. help people organize other activities D. make people get prepared for sports

63. The text mainly talks about____________.

A. the fun of exploration B. what to bring for exploration

C. the way to use a map in exploration D. how to prevent getting lost in exploration

C

Attitude is an internal (内在的) state that influences the choices of personal action made by the individual (个人) . Some researchers consider that attitudes come from differences between beliefs and ideas; others believe that attitudes come from emotional states. Here, we focus on the effects of attitudes upon behavior, that is, upon the choices of action made by the individual.

The kinds of actions taken by human beings are obviously influenced greatly by attitudes. Whether one listens to classical music or rock, whether one obeys the speed limit while driving, whether one encourages one’s husband or wife to express his or her own ideas — all are influenced by attitudes. These internal states are acquired(获得)throughout life from situations one is faced with in the home, in the streets, and in the school.

Of course, the course of action chosen by an individual in any situation will be largely determined by the particulars of that situation. An individual who has a strong attitude of obeying laws may drive too fast when he is in a hurry and no police cars in sight. A child who has a strong attitude of honesty may steal a penny when he or she thinks no one will notice. But the internal state which remains unchanged over a period of time, and which makes the individual behave regularly in a variety of situations, is what is meant by an attitude.

Attitudes are learned in a variety of ways. They can result from single incidents, as when an attitude toward snakes is acquired by an experience in childhood at the sudden movement of a snake. They can result from the individual’s experiences of success and pleasure, as when someone acquires a positive attitude toward doing crossword puzzles by being able to complete some of them. And frequently, they are learned by copying other people’s behavior, as when a child learns how to behave toward foreigners by observing the actions of his parents. Regardless of these differences, there is something in common in the learning and modification (修正)of attitudes.

64. According to the passage, attitudes ______ .

A. come from different situations in one’s life

B. are largely affected by one’s behavior

C. remain unchanged in one’s daily life

D. could be chosen according to one’s will

65. The author uses the examples in Paragraph 3 to show .

A. people often make mistakes when they are not noticed

B. people with good attitudes may sometimes do bad deeds

C. particulars of a situation may influence an individual’s action

D. an individual may change his or her attitude fairly easily

66. Which of the following is TRUE about the learning of attitudes?

A. Attitudes are only learned through one’s success.

B. Attitudes learned in danger will last longer.

C. Copying others’ behavior is not a good idea.

D. Attitudes can be learned from one’s parents.

67. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Differences of Attitudes. B. Nature of Attitude.

C. Choices of Attitudes. D. Modification of Attitude.

D

Many animals recognize their food because they see it. So do humans. When you see an apple or a piece of chocolate you know that these are things you can eat. You can also use other senses when you choose your food. You may like it because it smells good or because it tastes good. You may dislike some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste very nice. Different animals use different senses to find and choose their food. A few animals depend on only one of their senses, while most animals use more than one sense.

Although there are many different types of food, some animals spend their lives eating only one type. The giant panda(大熊猫)eats only one particular type of bamboo(竹子). Other animals eat only one type of food even when given the choice. A kind of white butterfly(蝴蝶)will stay on the leaves of a cabbage, even though there are plenty of other vegetables in the garden. However, most animals have a more varied diet(多样化饮食). The bear eats fruits and fish. The fox eats small animals, birds and fruits. The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.

Humans have a very varied diet. We often eat food because we like it and not because it is good for us. In countries such as France and Britain, people eat foods with too much sugar. This makes them overweight, which is bad for their health. Eating too much red meat and animal products, such as butter, can also be bad for the health. Choosing the right food, therefore, has become an area of study in modern life.

68. We can infer from the text that humans and animals _________.

A. depend on one sense in choosing food B. are not satisfied with their food

C. choose food in similar ways D. eat entirely different food

69. Which of the following eats only one type of food?

A. The white butterfly. B. The small bird.

C. The bear. D. The fox.

70. Certain animals change their choice of food when ___________.

A. the season changes B. the food color changes

C. they move to different places D. they are attracted by different smells

71. We can learn from the last paragraph that __________.

A. food is chosen for a good reason

B. French and British food is good

C. some people have few choices of food

D. some people care little about healthy diet

E

Watching 3D films such as Avatar could give some viewers headaches, experts have warned.

The success of James Cameron's science-fiction blockbuster(卖座的大片), which has already taken more than $1 billion (£600 million) at the box office, is fuelling a surge in popularity for three-dimensional movies and new 3D television sets.

But prolonged viewing may result in an aching head, according to Dr Michael Rosenberg, an ophthalmology(眼科学) professor at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago.

He said: "There are a lot of people walking around with very minor eye problems, for example a minor muscle imbalance, which under normal circumstances the brain deals with naturally."

Watching a 3D movie confronts viewers with an entirely new sensory experience. "That translates into greater mental effort, making it easier to get a headache," he said.

Dr Deborah Friedman, a professor of ophthalmology and neurology(神经学) at the University of Rochester Medical Center in New York, said: "If your eyes are a little off to begin with then it's really throwing a whole degree of effort that your brain now needs to exert. This disparity for some people will give them a headache."

Experts say there are no studies tracking how common it is to get a headache after watching a 3D film.

Rick Heineman, a spokesman for RealD, which provides 3D equipment to cinemas, said headaches and nausea were the main reasons 3D technology never took off before.

But he said new digital technology addresses many of the problems that had previously caused sore heads.

72、What can we learn from what Dr Michael Rosenberg said ?

A. A lot of people prefer walking around with very minor eye problems to sitting silently watching 3D films.

B. The brain can deal with very minor eye problems under normal circumatances naturally.

C. A lot of people haven’t got very minor eye problems when viewing films under normal circumatances.

D. People come into very minor eye problems and a minor muscle imbalance when watching 3D films.

73、What does the underlined word “prolonged” in the 3rd paragraph mean ?

A. continuous

B. constant

C. regular

D. long-time

74、According to the passage , which of the following is TRUE ?

A. It has taken over $1 billion to make the popularity of three-dimensional movies and new 3D television sets.

B. Watching a 3D movie leaves viewers confronted with an entirely new sensory experience.

C. There are studies tracking how common it is to get a headache after watching a 3D film.

D. Rick Heineman said that 3D technology would never take off headaches and nausea in future.

75、What’s the main idea of the passage ?

A. The expert warns the readers not to watch 3D films because of resulting in an aching head.

B. New digital technology gives viewers headaches and eye problems.

C. The experts are studying how to get rid of many of the problems that have previously caused sore heads.

D. Viewing 3D films may result in some side-effect problems such as headaches.

第Ⅱ卷(共35分)

考生注意事项：

请用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分3 5分)

第一节 任务型读写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分1 0分)

阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填一个单词。

Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extend do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?

In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally consider caring, sharing and generosity originally in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed or self-concerned.

Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences

In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.

Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer, either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.

In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficially relationship with others.

Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?

Main comparisons Contexts

__76__ are changing. In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____77____.

Nowadays, people seem to be more ____78____about themselves.

___79___are changing, too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的).

People may strive to achieve their own __80___ at the price of their coworkers.

The author’s understanding

___81____ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce __82___ and great __83___on modern people may be responsible for the changes.

The author’s attitude ____84____ this topic A relationship which can ___85___ two sides should be established.

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

某校英文报开辟了一个专栏：Experience。本期话题是：早起的鸟儿有虫吃。请结合发生在你身边的一两件事情，以“The early bird will catch worms”为题写一篇英语短文，说明一切成功源于做凡事要早做规划，不断追求，辛勤劳作。

注意： 1、字数：120词左右;

2、短文中不能出现有关于本人真实校名、班级、人名等具体信息;

3、要求卷面干净整洁，字迹工整清楚。