1. 含有否定意义的词汇和短语

以下列举的词和词组本身就具有否定的含义，因此无需用否定词。

介词against, beyond, but, except, without...

形容词和动词absent, deny, differ, different, fail, free, ignore, miss, refuse, the last, used to,reluctant, lack, want,...

短语keep...from, protect...from, prevent...from, let alone, at a loss, in vain, instead of, out of the question, rather than, too...to, by no means, anything but,...

我们看以下例句：

1) Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.在一些国家里妇女没有得到平等的权利。

2) This is by no means the best way to solve the problem of energy crisis.这不是解决能源危机的最好的办法。

3) We should protect trees from being destroyed.我们应保护树木，不让它们受破坏。

4) In old China we could not make a nail, let alone(make) machines.在旧中国，我们连一个钉子都造不了，更不用说制造机器了。