Unit 1 Occupation-grammar学案

The Relative Clause (I)

I. 课文中出现的定语从句。

ü Teachers are professionals who work in schools, colleges and universities.

ü They are a special kind of doctors who operate on sick people and repair the organs that no longer work properly.

ü They may want to get the same kind of clothes these fashion models wear.

II. 由关系代词引导的定语从句

1. 关系代词: who, whom, which, that, whose, as

2. 用法

1) who指人, 是主格, 在句中作主语或宾语

The man who / that told you the news yesterday is a friend of mine.

2) whom指人, 是宾格, 在居中作宾语, 或跟在介词后面作介词宾语

He is the young man (who/whom/that) she loves.

He is the man from whom I learned the news. (这里不能用who代替)

= He is the man (who / whom) I learned the news from.

3) that 指物, 有时也指人, 在句中作主语或宾语

Do you know the man that / who talked with you just now?

The painting (that / which) they are talking about was drawn by an artist.

4) which指物, 在句中作主语或宾语

The river which/that runs through the city is quite wide.

This is the new umbrella (which/that) I bought last week.

5) whose既可修饰人也可修饰物, 是所有格, 在从句中作定语

I have a good friend whose father is a policeman.

= I have a good friend, the father of whom is a policeman.

= I have a good friend, of whom the father is a policeman.

I want the dictionary whose cover has come off.

=I want the dictionary, the cover of which has come off.

=I want the dictionary, of which the cover has come off.

注: 如果whom, which, that在定语从句中作宾语, 关系代词可以省略

6) as 指人也指物, 在”the same…as”, “such … as”, “as…as” 的结构中使用, 在从句中作主语, 宾语或表语.

He is not the same person as he was three year ago.

He used such expressions as were mentioned in the dictionary.

Tom is as clever a boy as Mike is.

as作关系代词还可以引导非限制性定语从句, 可以放在主句前.

As we all know, he is a famous inventor.

As is known to all, he is a famous inventor.

(as的现行词不是一个名词, 而是he is a famous inventor整个句子)

III. 关系代词that和which的区别

在下列情况下, 通常用that指物, 而不用which

1) 先行词是something, anything, everything, nothing, little, all等不定代词时, 只能用that

Is there anything (that) I can do for you?

There is little (that) I can do for you.

All (that) you have to do is to press the button.

2) 当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时

This is the tallest building (that) I have ever seen.

3) 当先行词被序数词修饰时

The first English novel (that) I have read is Tale of Two Cities.

4) 当先行词由only, no, very修饰时

This is the very dictionary (that) I want to buy.

There is no difficulty (that) we can’t overcome.

5) 当先行词指人又指物时

They talked for about half an hour of things and persons (that) they remembered in the school.

6) 在特殊疑问句中, 如果疑问词是which, 为了避免重复, 常用that作关系代词

Which is the picture (that) you like best?

IV. 关系代词who与that的区别

在特殊疑问句里, 如果疑问词是who, 为了避免重复, 常用that作关系代词

Who of us that knows something about music does not know this?

Who that has seen it does not admire it?