A. people love beautiful things by nature

B. people have a strong desire to seek personal gains

C. small businesses make big money each year in the US

D. small businesses have advantages over big companies

答案: B指导：从最后一段可知此答案。

Ⅱ题点经典类型题

1.(典型例题卷)

Letter to Editor of TV Weekly Dear Sir/Madam,

I read Alison Burnham's review of When we were 12, and I do not agree with her. I thought the programme was wonder- ful--I found the old news pictures really interesting--they helped to bring to life the stories the people were telling.

The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood. For example, one day when I was about five, I was going to school on the bus by myself (this was the late 1960s). My mother had given me exactly the right money for a return ticket. I held out my hand with the money in it--one big coin on top of one little coin. The bus conductor took the big top coin only and she gave me a ticket, but it was a pink one for a single journey. I needed a white one for a return journey, but I was too frightened to say anything. When school finished for the day, I couldn't catch the bus home--I had to walk. As a grown-up, whenever I've been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action, this early memory of my bus ride comes back to me, and I'm able to take control of the situation.

I would like to say to the director, Bret Ctfrysler, carry on making this kind of programme. Too much TV these days is quiz shows and so-called "reality programmes". I appreciate the human story that can make me laugh and cry. Yours faithfully, Chris Daniels

1. What is Chris Daniels' purpose of writing this letter.

A. To persuade Bret Chrysler to turn away from quiz shows.

B. To entertain other readers with old news pictures.

C. To express his appreciation of the programme.

D. To have his story told on the programme.

2. Chris Daniels tells the story about the bus ticket to_______.

A. describe how painful his early experience was

B. draw a direct response from Alison Burnham

C. show how the programme made him think

D. teach the readers of TV Weekly a lesson

3. According to the passage, Chris Daniels had to walk home because_______.

A. he hadn't got a return ticket

B. he had lost his bus ticket

C. he didn't like big crowds

D. he missed the bus home

4. What does Chris Daniels now think about his experience on the bus?

A. He should have told the conductor then.

B. He should have been well treated.

C. He regrets going to school alone.

D. He wishes it hadn't happened.

【解析】 本文是作者为感谢TVWeekly节目而给编辑写的一封信，信中谈到自己童年时的真实经历和感受。

答案: 1.C主旨大意题.从开头第一段第二句“It houughtthe programme was wonderful.., they helped to bring to life the stories the people were telling"和文章最后一句 "I appreciate the human story that can make me laugh and ery"可判断作者是十分感激的。

2.C 推断题。第二段中作者叙述自己童年的经历和感受,一切都是"The programme reminds me of many things from my own childhood."

3. A 细节题。 --可从文中第二段直接找到答案： but it was a pink one for as ingle journey... I couldn't catch the bus home... I had to walk.

4. A 细节推断题目。由第二段最后一句：: As a grown-up,whenever I've been in a situation where I need to say something or take some action, this early... "可以推知A为最佳选项。

Passage 1 (名校联考八)

Sport not only is physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism fromcoaches, parents, and oth- er teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount ofanxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological (心理上的), and research has indicated (暗示) that it can lead to bum out. Bum out has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.

The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable ex- periences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperatewith others, make friends, and gain oth- er social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw(缺陷) in themselves.

Coaches and parents should also be cautious (小心)that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coachesfocus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Pos- hive (正面的) reinforcement (强化) should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive rein- forcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to bum out.

1. An effective way to prevent the bum out of young athletes is_______.

A. to reduce their mental stress

B. to increase their sense of success

C. to make sports less competitive

D. to make sports more challenging

答案: A指导：这是一篇探讨心理、教育问题的议论文。文章讨论了体育比赛对年轻人成长所起的作用以及父母、教练及运动员应该如何正确面对体育比赛，如何使年轻人通过参与竞技体育培养健康的心理，学习掌握成长中所需的技能。文章第一段第三句“...It can lead to burnout，”中，这里it 指代stress，既然burnout是由stress所导致，那么防止burnout 的办法自然就是减少压力。B、C、D三项恰恰都会增加运动员的精神压力，从而增加the burnout of young athletes。

2. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that_______.

A. it can help them learn more about society

B. it enables them to find flaws in themselves

C. it can provide them with valuable experiences

D. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves.

答案: C 指导：本题可采用排除法。B、D两项较易排除，选项A是干扰项。由文章第二段第二、三句"The sport settingis one where valuable experiences can take place.Young ath letesall，for example，learn how to cooperate with Others，make friends，and gain other social skills that will be used throunghouttheirlives"，比较A、C两项，C项更贴切，故选C项。

3. Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes_______.

A. believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development

B. without realizing criticism may destroy their self-confidence

C. in order to make them remember life's lessons

D. so as to put more pressure on them

答案: B 指导：由文章第二段最后两句“Coaches and parents should如aware;atalltimes，that their feed back toyougsters can greatly affect their chdren.Youngsters may take thdir parents'and coaches criticisms to heart and find a flaw in themselves"可知选项B符合文意。

4. According to the passage parents and coaches should_______.

A. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports

B. help children to win every game

C. train children to cope with (应付) stress

D. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports

答案: D 指导：B、C项易排除。关键在于对A、D两项的判断。本文的主旨是：家长、教练及年轻人应如何正确对待体育比赛;要注意比赛的过程而非结果，要认识到年轻人参加运动比赛是为了学习到宝贵的经验。A项“要注意让孩子享受运动的乐趣”与文章的主旨不符。根据第三段第二句，可知D项正确。

Passage 2 (东城综合)

Advertising gives useful information about which products to buy. But modem advertising does more than gives news about products and services. Today's advertisements, or ads, try to get consumers (消费者) to buy certain brands (品牌). Writers of advertising are so skillful that they can sometimes persuade a consumer to wear a certain kind of clothing, cat a special kind of cereal (麦片) , or see a movie. Consunfers might never even want a product if they did not see or hear advertisements for it.

For example, you probably do not need the newest cereal in the supermarket. There are probably many cereal brands on your kitchen shelves. You may not have space on your shelf for another. But if you see ads about a new cereal that is your extra-tasty and has a free prize in the box, you may want it. Ad- vertising must get attention. To be effective, it must be exciting, entertaining, or provide some pleasure. The secret of writing good advertising copy is to offer a good idea as well as a product. The idea is what the ad is really selling. One example is an ad that says eating a certain cereal will make a person do well in sports. That cereal brand may sell better if consumers think it offers strength and energy.

1. What is discussed in this passage?

A. The content of modem advertising.

B. The skills of modern advertising.

C. The results of modem advertising.

D. The writing of modem advertising.

答案: B 指导：本文着重讲述了广告的作用，所以为了起到应有的作用，必须有一定的技巧。

2. According to the passage, a good advertisemnt should _______.

A. be both persuasive and effective

B. give people useful information

C. show people a product

D. show people a new idea of a product

答案: A 指导：由文章第一段第三句"Today's advertisemens，orads，try to get consumers to buy certain brands"可知A正确。

3. From the passage, we can infer that _______.

A. modern advertising has less effect on customers

B. once customers see ads about a new cereal, they are sure to buy it

C. cereal can make people strong

D. cereal is a kind of food which is popular among people

答案: D 指导：由文章第二段"you probably do not need the newest cereal in the supermarket. There are probably many cereal brands on your kitchen shelves. You may not have space on your shelf for another. But if you see ads about a new ce real that is your extra-tasty and has a free prize in the box, you may want it. "可以推测出来cereal 是一种受人们欢迎的食品。

4. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Customers can easily be persuaded by advertisements.

B. Customers should be persuaded by advertisements.

C. It's impossible for customers to buy a product without adver tisements.

D. Customers buy products according to their demands rather than the advertisements.

答案: A 指导：由于本文主要讲述广告的介绍作用和劝诱作用，同时文章第二段的麦片的例子就是一个暗示，所以A为正确答案。

Passage 3 (西城质检)

Among various programmes, TV talk shows have covered every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one is different in style (风格) ? But no two shows are more opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Gprah Winfrey shows.

Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "rubbish talk". The contents on his show are as surprising as can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show titles of love, sex, cheating and hate, to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is about the dark side of society, yet people are willing to eat up the troubles of other people's lives.

Like jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its top, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show is mainly about the improvement of society and difference, quality (质量) of life. Contents are from teaching your children les- sons, managing your work week to getting to know your neighbours.

Cormpared to Oprah, the jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being poured into society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech about the entire idea of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.

Clear as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main viewers are middle class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and ability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of a connection with the young adults of society. These are 18to-21-year-olds whose main troubles in life include love, rela- tionship, sex, money and drug. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned through the show's exploitation.

1. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are _______.

A. more interesting B. unusually popular

C. more detailed D. more formal

答案: B 指导：由文章第二段最后一句可知B正确。

2. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear unpleasant, people who watch the shows _______.

A. remain interested in them

B. are ready to face up to them

C. remain cold to them

D. are willing to get away from them

答案: A 指导：由第二段的最后一句“… yet people are willing to eat up the troubles of other people's lives"和文章的最后一句 "They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned through the show's exploitation'可知A正确。

3. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the oprah Winfrey show?

A. A new type of robot. B. Nation hatred (恨).

C. Family income planning. D. Street accident.

答案: C 指导：由文中第三段第二、三句”The show is mainly about the improvement of society and difference,quality of life Contents are from teaching your children lessons, managing your work week to getting to know your neighhors"故C正确。

4. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_______.

A. have become the only ones of its kind

B. exploit the weaknesses in human nature

C. appear at different times of the day

D. attract different people

答案：D 指导：由文章最后两段“clear as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main viewers are middle Americans"和"Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of a connection with the young adults of society,' 可在这两个节目吸引不同的人群。

Passage4(海淀质检)

In October, 1961, at Crowley Field in Cincinnati, Ohio,an old, deaf gentleman named William E. Hoy stood up to throw the first ball of the World Series. Most people at Crowley Field on that day probably did not remember Hoy because he had retired (退休) from professional baseball 58 years earlier, in 19典型例题ever, he had been an outstanding player and the deaf people still talk about him and his years in baseball.

William E. Hoy was born in Houckstown, Ohio, on May 23,1862. He became deaf when he was two years old. He attended the Columbus Ohio School for the deaf. After graduation, he started playing baseball while working as a shoemaker.

Hoy began playing professional baseball in 1886 for Oshkosh (Wisconsin) of the Northwestern League. In 1888, he started as an outfielder (外场手) with the old Washington Senators. His small figureand speed made him an outstanding base runner. He was very good at stealing bases during his career. In the 1888 major league season, he stole 82 bases. He was also the Senators' leading hitter in 1888. Hoy was clever; he threw right-handed and batted left-handed. On June 19, 1889, he threw out three batters (击球手)at the plate from his out- field position.

The ann signals used by judges today to show balls and strikes began became of Hoy. The judge lifted his right ann to show that the pitch was a strike, and his left arm to signal that it was a ball.

For many years, people talked about Hoy's last ball game in 19典型例题was playing for Los Angelesof the Pacific Coast Winter League. It was a memorable game because Hoy made a wonderful play which won the game. It was a very foggy night and, therefore, very hard to see the ball. In the ninth inning (棒球的一局), with two men out, Hoy managed to catch a fly ball to make the third out in spite of the fog. Los Angeles de- feated their opposition and won the game.

After he retired, Hoy stayed busy. He ran a dairy farm near Cincinnati for 20 years. He also became a public speaker Ired traveled giving speeches. Until a few years before his death, he took 4 and 10 mile walks several mornings a week. 0n December 15, 1961,William E. Hoy died at the age of 99.

1. In which order did the following things happen in Hoy's life?

a. Hoy worked as a shoemaker.

b. Hoy began to run a dairy farm.

c. Hoy played a memorable game in the heavy fog.

d. Hoy threw the first ball of the World Series.

e. Hoy became deaf.

A. d, e, a, c, b B. e, a, c, b, d

C. d,a,e,c,b D. e,a,b,c,d

答案: B 指导：由文中第二段可知前三个顺序。

2. We can infer from the last paragraph that Hoy _______ in his late years.

A. became famous

B. led a relaxed life

C. traveled around the world

D. was in good physical condition

答案: D 指导：由最后一段中的倒数第二句“直到他死前的几年中一周有几天的早晨要走4到10里”可知。

3. This passage is mainly about _______.

A. a deaf player devoted to the game of baseball

B. baseball game rules and important players

C. the rise in the social position of the deaf people

D. where the baseball judge hand signals came from

答案: A 指导：本文近似一篇新闻报道，第一段是文章的中心句，由此可知。

4. What can be inferred from this passage?

A. Hoy was the greatest baseball player in his time.

B. Speaking and listening are not necessary in baseball games.

C. The judge had to study the hand signals very seriously.

D. Hoy's family encouraged him to become a baseball player.

答案：B 指导：由文中的deaf可推导出。

Passages 5(朝阳综合)

People are making more and more demands on the world's natural resources. If babies bom in 1991 live for eighty years, the human population of the world may be anything from twice to three times the present total by 2070. In other words, they will have to share what is left of the earth's resources with 15 billion other people. But hopefully there will be an important decrease in the growth of population. What if this does not happen? The answer is that by the time before the babies born in 1991 reach the age of 40 they could be sharing resources with as many as 10 billion other people.

Limiting the pollution of water and the atmosphere, controlling the output of the chemicals that may be causing the global warming and climate change, and eating less meat may go some to help, but can anyone seriously imagine that these are going to solve the problems of the "baby class" of 1991 ?

There is no getting away from the fact that people are responsible(5(对......负责) for the present state of the world, and only people can solve the problems. The decisions have to be taken by people as members of national and local governments;as leaders and decision-makers in industry; as scientists and technologists; as professional engineers and designers; as reli- gious (宗教的) leaders and individual citizens.

1. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. Making More Demands on the Natural Resources

B. Limiting the Pollution of Air and Water

C. Reducing the World Population

D. Saving the Babies of 1991

答案: C 指导：本文主要讲述随着人口的增长，出现了一系列的问题，所以C为最佳答案。

2. What does the author mean by "the problems of the baby class of 1991" ?

A. A large number of babies will be bom after 1991.

B. Babies bom in 1991 won't live a long life.

C. The children of 1991 are not given good education.

D. The problems caused by babies bom in 1991.

答案: D 指导：文章着重以1991年出生的孩子为例说明人口增长将会带来一系列问题，所以D为最佳答案。

3. This short passage is probably taken from _______.

A. a news report

B. a guide to the world

C. an article by a medical worker

D. a government report

答案: A 指导：据写作方式和最后一段所列举的“人”可知文章是以“呼吁”的语气写的，故A为最佳答案。

4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the last paragraph as people responsible for the present state of the

world?

A. Officials. B. Industrialists.

C. Businessmen. D. Scientists.

答案: C 指导：由最后一段最后一句可知。

Ⅲ 新高考命题探究

Passage 1

Visit Iceland and you'll enter a whole new region of experience. You'll discover original nature as you've never seen it before, and the equally Original people for whom timeless nature, ancient heritage and modem lifestyle coexist in harmony. The freedom to wander in the city or the wilds as you please is the key to the Iceland experience.

Reykjavik, the capital of Iceland, is just a part of the Icelandic experience with its midnight sun or the magical landscapes mixed with ice and fire. Reykjavik has a population of around 170,000 and offers an interesting mix of cosmopolitan (世界各地的) culture and local village roots.

Old accounts say the ancient gods themselves guided Iceland's first settler to make his home in Reykjavik. He named the place Reykjavik (Steamy Bay ) after the geothermal (地热) steam he saw, which today heats homes and outdoor swimming pools throughout the city, a pollution-free energy source that leaves the air outstandingly fresh, clean and clear.

A beautiful river runs through the city limits, and so do fine parks and even wild outdoor areas. In the outskirts are places for horse trekking and golf. But against this backcloth of nature, Reykjavik has a packed program of familiar city joys too: art museums, several theaters, an opera house, a symphony orchestra and concerts meeting the needs of the whole spectrum of age and taste.

One must for all visitors is dining out on Icelandic specialities, including delicious seafood, ocean-fresh from the morning's catch, highland lamb and unusual varieties of game. Its purely natural food imag, iriatively served to delight the most disceming(内行的)of diners. Reykjavik is also famous as one of Europe's hottest nightspots, where the action on the friendly pub and nightlife scene lasts right through the night. In the evening, the downtown area filled with activity, reaching its peak on Friday or Saturday. The number of pubs, cafe, discos, and other night-spots in the downtown area is astonishing. There is arich variety of places to go. European-style cafes, nightclubs with live entertainment, dance halls for seniors, sports-theme pubs with big TV screens, cafes that offer over 100 types of beer, an Irish pub, a Spanish cafe, a French wine bar...

Walking distances are short downtown, and everything worth seeing outside the city center can be quickly and conveniently reached by bus. With its long, easy-going main street and large shopping mall, Iceland's capital is a great place to shop too with a bonus of tax-free shopping for visitors! Be careful not just for souvenirs(纪念品) (especially woolens and handicrafts) but also for stylish consumer goods and designer labels at competitive prices.

A full range of accommodations (住宿) is available in Reykiavik, from international-standard hotels with good conference facilities, through smaller hotels and comfortable guest- houses, to a campsite in the city's biggest park.

1. It can be learned from the passage that Reykiavik_______.

A. was named by the ancient gods

B. got its name from the visitors

C. was named by Iceland's first settler

D. was named after Iceland's first settler

答案: C 指导：由文中第三段第一行"Old accounts say the ancientgods themselves guided lceland's first settler to make his homein Reykiaviik.He named the place Reykiavikafter the geothermalsteamhesaw...”可知C为正确选项。

2. While visiting Iceland, the most enjoyable thing is_______.

A. to taste its purely natural food

B. to wander freely in the city or the wilds as you please

C. to visit the night-spots there

D. to do tax-free shopping

答案: B 指导：由文中第一段最后一句话"The freedomtowander in the city or The wilds as you please is the key to the lceland experience"可知B为最佳选项。

3. Which of the following subjects are mentioned in the fifth paragraph?

A. Shopping and accommodations

B. Dining and night-spots

C. City joys and backcloth of nature

D. Transportation and landscapes

答案: B 指导：由第五段明显可以看出B为最佳选项，关键词是本段第一行中的diningout和第五行中的alsofamousasone

Of europe's hottest nightspots.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. all visitors must dine out while visiting Iceland

B. hotel accommodation is so scarce that visitors usually camp in the city's big gest parks

C. people living in Reykiavik seldom get heat from coal

D. you have to walk a short distance if you want to go sight seeing outside the city

答案: C 指导：根据全文，此处以geothermal(地热)而命名，所以人们充分利用地热而很少烧煤，故此C应该为最佳选项。

Passage 2

Governors, lawyers and business leaders have to deal with scientists, and every educated person finds his views affected by science. Yet our science teaching of non-scientists, in school and college,has built up mistaken ideas, dislikes, and the common boast, "I never did understand science.' Even those students who arrive at college with plans to become scientists usually bring a mistaken picture of science: some have a collection of unorganized facts about science, and some regard the study of science as a game which includes getting the right answer.

The first of these attitudes seems to come from a kind of course which provides various kinds of information; the second, from a training course on how to pass examinations that do not ask about the student's understanding but simply require him to put the numbers in the right formulas(公式). Neither type of courses (in school or college) seems to give students and understanding of science as we find it among scientists. Neither shows students how real scientists work and think how the facts are gathered, how discoveries are made, and what they mean. Young people need good teaching of science, not so much a great wealth of knowledge as a healthy understanding of the nature of science. They need an un-derstanding of knowl edge leading to sympathy with science and an eagerness of the way scientists work. Given these, it is easy to encourage later reading and learning.

1. One of the reasons that cause mistaken ideas of science is .

A. a mistaken picture in students' mind

B. the unscientific way of teaching of science

C. the fact that students fail to see the influence (影响)of science

D. the fact that students have a collection of unrelated facts about science

答案: B 指导：由文中第一段第二句"Yetourscience teaching of non-scientists，inschool and in college...”可知教育方式是错的，所以B为正确答案。

2. According to the passage, we can safely say that the subject of the passage is _______.

A. need for good science teaching

B. every person, including governors, lawyers and business leaders should study science

C. young people should form a correct attitude to science

D. students must know what science is and how scientists work and think

答案: A 指导：根据文章先说明教育的失误，再分析为何不正确，最后在结尾解决问题"young people need good teaching of science...”。所以A为正确答案。

3. A good course of science is_______.

A. to teach students to do things according to formulas

B. to provide students with all kinds of information

C. to help students have a good understanding and form a correct attitude to science

D. to encourage students to have a good command of knowledge

答案：C 指导：根据文中第二段中第五行"Neithertype of courses seems to give students an understanding“science…Neither shows students how real scientists work and think...”可知C为最佳选项。

4. People such as governors, lawyers and business leaders deal with scientists mainly because _______.

A. scientists are great persons

B.scientists make discoveries and apply them to help people live a more comfortable, stable and safe life

C. they owe much to scientists' contributions

D. they can be affected by scientists when they are together

答案：B 指导：由文中第一段第一句"and every educated person fidshis viewaffected by science'’可知与上一句构成并列关系，所以B为最佳选项。

Passage 3

Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? War is an ancient practice which has existed for at least six thousand years. It was always bad and usually foolish, but in the past, the human race managed to live with it. Modern cleverness has changed this. Either Man will end the existence of war, or war will end the existence of Man. For the present, it is nuclear weapons (核武器) that cause the most serious danger, but bacteriological or chemical weapons may, before long, offer an even greater threat. If we succeeded in ending the existence of nuclear weapons, our work will not be done. It will never be done until we have succeeded in ending war. To do this, we need to persuade mankind to look up on international problems in a new way not as contests of force, in which the victory goes to the side which is most skillful inkilling people, but by settling in accordance with agreed rules of law. It is not easy to change very old mental habits, but this is what must be attempted.

There are those who say that the acceptance of this or that ideology (意识形态) would prevent war. I believe this to be a big mistake. All ideologies are based upon dogmatic statements (强词夺理) which are, at best, doubtful, and at worst, totally false. Their supporters believe in them so deeply that they are willing to go to war in support of them.

The movement of world opinion during the past few years has been very largely such as we can welcome. It has become a commonplace that nuclear war must be avoided. Of course very difficult problems remain in the world, but the spirit in which they are coming nearer to is a better one than it was some years ago. It has begun to be thought, even by the powerful men who decide whether we shall live or die, that negotiations should reach agreements even if both sides do not find these agreements wholly satisfactory. It has begun to be understood that the important struggle nowadays is not between different countries but between Man and the atom bomb.

1. This passage implies that war is now_______.

A. worse than in the past

B. as bad as in the past

C. not as dangerous as in the past

D. as necessary as in the past

答案: A 指导：由文中第一段第六行"Forthepresent, it isnuclear weapons thatcausethemost seriousdanger，but bacteriological or chemical weapons may，before long，offer and even greater"可知A为正确答案。

2. In the sentence "To do this, we need to persuade mankind.. "( Paragraph 1 ) ,"this" refers to_______.

A. to end the existence of war

B. to improve weapons

C. to solve international problems

D. to live a peaceful life

答案: A 指导：由this的指代作用，要么是上面提到的东西，要么是下文马上要提到的东西，所以在此处应该是上文提到的endingway，因此A为最佳选项。

3. From Paragraph 2 we learn that the writer of the Passage_______.

A. is a supporter of some modern ideologies

B. does not think that the acceptance of any ideologies could prevent war

C. believes that the acception of some ideologies could prevent war

D. does not doubt the truth of any ideologies

答案: B 指导;由文章第二段第二行“Ibe lievet his to Leabigmis take"可知作者持怀疑态度，故B为最佳选项。

4. According to the writer,_______.

A. war is the only way to solve intemational arguments

B. war will be less dangerous because of the improvement of weapons

C. it is impossible for people to live without war

D. war must be ended if man wants to survive (生存)

答案：D 指导：由文中第一段第五行"EitherManwillendtheexis tence of war，orwarwill end the existence of Man"可知D为正确答案。

Passage 4

What do literary greats Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Bums have in common? They both lived and wrote in Edinburgh, along with many other big names in the field of literature. This fact helped UNESCO (联合国教科文组织) award the city the tide of world's first City of Liter ature on October 14.

Edinburgh left a lasting impression on Arthur Conan Doyle (1859 1930). Although he was bom there, he went to school in England but retumed home for medical school. After graduating, he moved to London and began writing his Sherlock Holmes stories. His inspiration for the character came from one of his professors at university. Holmes' methods were so clever that they actually furthered the advance of the study of criminology (犯罪学) ?

Robert Bums (1759--1796) is still regarded as Scotland's national poet, more than 200 years after his death. He is cele- brated all over the world through translations of his works and the annual Bums Night supper on his birthday. One of his songs, "My Love Is Like A Red Red Rose" ranks among the finest love songs ever written and "Auld Lang Syne" (友宜地久天长) is sung all around the world.

As one of the first literary societies in Europe, the Scottish Parliament passed the world's first compulsory (有义务) education law in 1496. By the 1790s, almost all Scots could read. Visitors to Scotland often observed that even the lowest members of society had copies of Bums' poems and other books.

1. Edinburgh was awarded the title of world's first City of Lit erature because_______.

A. the first award ceremony of literature was held there

B. many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Bums were born there

C. it left a deep impression on many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle

D. many literary greats like Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Bums often wrote about it

答案: B 指导：根据短文第一段所表述的：文坛巨匠亚瑟·科南· 道尔和罗伯特·伯恩斯以及文学界的其他一些名人，他们都出生在爱丁堡，笔耕于爱丁堡。在这座城市里产生了许许多多的作家，正由于这浓厚的书香氛围，联合国教科文组织于10月14日把“世界首座文学城市”的荣誉授予爱丁堡。

2. Arthur Corian ]Doyle was remembered mainly for his _______.

A. detective stories

B. love poems and songs

C. contribution to the study of criminology

D. clever writing skill

答案：A 指导：根据短文第二段中的内容：科南·道尔创作了福尔摩斯系列故事，其探案方法被描绘得非常奇妙，这让犯罪学研究也获益匪浅，并使其得到了进一步的发展。由此推断他是以“侦探小说”而出名。

3. In the last paragraph, the writer mainly discussed _______.

A. the impression of visitors to Scotland

B. how Bums' poems are popular in Scotland

C. the possible history reasons for many literary greats in Scotland

D. how the world's first tcompulsouy education law was made

答案：C 指导：段意推测题。最后一段所表述的意义为：苏格兰之所以产生这么多的文学巨匠有其历史渊源。短文中列举了三个事实，苏格兰议会于1496年通过了世界上第一个义务教育法。到18世纪90年代的时候，几乎所有的苏格兰人都能识字了。许多去苏格兰游览的人发现，就连苏格兰的市井小民也在读伯恩斯的诗以及其他一些书。

Passage 5

Animal Conservation

Many animal and plant species have become extinct(灭绝的) and many more are in critical danger. Finding Ways to protect the earth's wildlife and conserve (保护) the natural world they inhabit (居住) is now more important than ever.

Dodos

The dodo was a classic example of how human caused damage to the earth's biology. The flightless dodo was native to the Island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean. It lived off fruit fallen from the island's trees and lived unthreatened until humans arrived in 15典型例题 easily controlled bird became a source of food for sailors and was attacked by animals introduced to the island by humans such as pigs, monkeys and rats. The population of dodo rapidly decreased and the last one was killed in 1681.

Rhinos

The rhino (犀牛) horn is a highly prized item for Asian medicines. This has led to the animal being hunted in its natural habitat. Once widespread in Africa and Eurasia, most rhinos now live in protected natural parks and reserves (保护区). Their numbers have rapidly decreased in the last 50 years, and the animals remain under constant threat from poachers (偷猎者).

Giant panda

The future of the World Wildlife Fund's symbol is far from certain. As few as I 000 remain in the wild. The Chinese goveminent has set up 33 panda reserves to protect these beautiful animals and made poaching them punishable with 20 years in prison. However,The panda's distinct black and white patched coat fetches a high price on the black market and determined poachers still pose (造就) one of the most serious threats to the animals continued existence.

Whales

The International Whaling Commission is fighting to en sure the survival of the whale species. Despite the fact that one third the world's oceans have been declared the whale sanctua ries (保护), 7 out of 13 whale species remain endangered. Hunted for their rich supply of oil, their numbers have de creased to just 300. Collisions (碰撞) with ships, poisonous pollution and being caught in fishing nets are other major causes of whale deaths.

Tigers

The last 100 years has seen a 95% reduction in the num bers of remaining tigers to between 5,000 and 7,000 and the Bali, Javan, and Caspian tigers are already extinct. The South China tiger is precariously close to disappearing, with only 20 to 30 still alive. Like the rhino horn, tigers' bones and organs are sought after for traditional Chinese medicines. These items are traded illegally along with tiger skins.

1. It implies that _______.

A. the dodo lacked the ability to protect itself from other animals

B. sailors to the Island of Mauritius lived mainly on the dodo

C. the dodo used to be a strong animal that liked fighting

D. the dodo, pigs, monkeys and rats were the natives to the Island of Mauritius

答案: A 指导：从文章中的flightless，livedofffruitfallenfromthe island'strees，Easilycontrolled等可推测出dodo缺乏保护自己的能力。

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. The number of South (]tim tiger has reached crisis point.

B. Many animals are threatened with extinction as a result of human activity.

C. People hunt for the endangered animals for high profit.

D. The whale is the representing mark for the World Wildlife Fund

答案: D 指导：从第四段中的"The fature of the World Wildlife Fund's symbolis for from certain"一句可得“世界野生动物基金”的图案标志是“大熊猫”而不“鲸”。

精品学习网  高中频道