【拓展】match，fit与suit

match指色调、形状、性质等相搭配。

fit指大小合适，引申为“吻合”。

suit指合乎需要、口味、条件、地位，以及颜色、款式等与某人的皮肤、气质、身材或身份相称。

11. extra

【原句回放】they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay... (page 34, line 12)

【点拨】extra adj. 额外的;外加的;特别的;另外的

adv. 额外地，特别地，除外

n.额外的东西;另收费的事物

1. i don’t have any extra time. 我没有多余的时间。

2. the box is extra heavy. 这个箱子特别重。

3. they charge extra for wine. 他们另收酒钱。

4. her school fees are $ 300 a term; music and dancing are extras.

她的学费是每学期300美元，音乐和舞蹈课另收费。

【词组句型用法精解】

1. hear about 听说

---have you heard about the incident? 你听说了这件事吗?

---no, i have never heard about it. 我没有听说过。

2. dream

 

of 梦想，幻想， + sth./ doing sth.

he dreamed of a better future. 他梦想一个更美好的未来。

when she was young, she dreamed of being a teacher. 她年轻的时候曾梦想当一名教师。

【原句回放】 have you ever dreamt of being in front of thousands of people at a concert...(page 34, line 2)

【点拨】dream of doing sth. 意为“幻想;梦想;想象”。

i dream of visiting the mars one day. 我梦想着有一天能够参观火星。

he never dreamed of becoming a famous football player.

他从来都没梦想过成为一名著名的足球运动员。

【拓展】(1) dream vt. 意为“做梦;梦见”，可以接名词，代词或宾语从句。

may you dream a happy dream tonight! 祝你今晚做个好梦。

i dreamt (that) i could fly. 我梦想着我能够飞。

(2) dream n. 意为“梦”，可接同位语从句说明梦的内容。

i have a recurrent dream that i’ve turned into an elephant.

我经常有这样一个梦我变成了一头大象。

my dream has come true. 我的梦想成真了。

3. be honest with 对……说老实话，对……坦诚

thank you for being so honest with me. 感谢你对我这么坦诚。

i shall be quite honest with you. 我将和你完全坦诚相待。

注：be honest (in) doing sth.在做某事方面诚实;to be honest =to tell you

the truth = be quite honest about it老实说(插入语)

【点拨】be honest with sb. 对……坦诚，诚恳

be honest about sth. 如实说/做某事

be honest in ( doing ) sth. 在某方面诚实

如：i shall be honest with you. 我应该对你坦诚。

he is honest in doing business. 他在做生意方面很诚实。

【拓展】be angry with sb. 对某人生气

be pleased with sb. 对某人满意

be satisfied with sb. 对某人满意

随时练

children should always be ________with their parents and teacher.

a. angry 　　　b. pleased 　　　c. honest 　　　d. satisfied

【解析】根据拓展a.b.d三项不合题意。

【答案】c

4. play jokes on 跟……开玩笑

though old, they often play jokes on each other. 尽管上了年纪，但他们还经常相互开玩笑。

he always likes to play jokes on me because we are close friends. 他总是爱拿我开玩笑，因为我们是很好的朋友。

注：play tricks on sb. = play a trick on sb.捉弄某人; laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人; make fun of sb. 取笑某人

原句回放】the musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as… (page34, line 16)

【点拨】 play jokes/a joke on...开…… 的玩笑，戏弄……

no one likes to be played jokes on by others. 没有人愿意被别人戏弄。

joke vi. 开玩笑

i was only joking. 我只是开玩笑啊。

for / as a joke 只是为了开玩笑

in joke 闹着玩的

make fun of... 　取笑…… 　　laugh at 嘲笑……

play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人

have a joke with sb. 与某人说笑话

make a joke about sb/ sth. 拿某人或某事开玩笑

随时练

daisy can’t stand that her classmates often _______ her.

a. keep up with 　　　b. come up with 　　　c. look on 　　　d. play jokes on

【解析】黛西不能忍受的是同学们的戏弄。故选d。

【答案】d

真题：he likes to play a trick on others, but sometimes ________

a. he plays a trick   b. he plays a trick on  c. he is played a trick   d. a trick is played on him

解析：答案d. 句意为他喜欢捉弄别人,但有时他也被别人捉弄.

5. base ….on/upon… 以……为基础， 它的被动形式是be based on/upon

what are you basing this theory on? 你这种理论的根据是什么?

his argument is based on facts. 他的论断以事实为基础。

6. or so 大约

it’ll cost $30 or so. 那件东西大概植30美元。

that man standing there is forty years old or so.  站在那儿的那个人大约四十岁。

真题：my parents will move back into town in a year or         .(05，全国卷)

a.later       b.after          c.so         d.about   解析：答案c. or so “大约”。

7. break up 结束，解散，拆散

their marriage has broken up. 他们的婚姻结束了。

the police tried to break up the crowd. 警察尽力驱散人群。

【点拨】break up有以下意思：

(1) 解散;散去

the meeting broke up at eleven o’clock.

(2) 变得衰弱; 瓦解; 崩溃

he was breaking up under the strain.

(3)(使某事物)结束

their marriage is breaking up.

they decided to break up the partnership.

【拓展】关于break的其他搭配：

(1) break down (因机械、电力等故障)停止运转;崩溃;瓦解

(2) break in 打断

(3) break into sth. 强行进入某处;突然开始(大笑等)

(4) break off (说话时)突然打住

(5) break out (战争、火山等)突然发生

(6) break through 突破;穿过