要想学好英语，就必须学好英语知识点，鉴于此，小编为大家整理了这篇2013新编高中英语知识点大全之Earthquakes ，希望对大家以后在英语方面的学习上有所帮助。

知识点总结

Ⅰ.高频单词思忆

1.The machine is driven by e           .

2.A great many houses were d          in the earthquake and many people became homeless.

3.The hurricane left the whole city in r    .

4.It t       my coat in the car door when I got out of the car.

5.He b     into the room without knocking. ?

6.Many men were        (埋葬) underground when the accident at the mine happened.

7.It is an area where natural           (灾难) often happen.

8.The firemen         (援救) the boy from the burning house. ?

9.Teachers have           (表达) concern about the emphasis on testing.

10.I                (祝贺) them all on their results.

Ⅱ.重点短语再现?

1.           结束;终结?

2.          照常?

3.         掘出;发现;找出?

4.            作为……而闻名?

5.               被……覆盖?

6.                轻视;看不起?

7.             为纪念……?

8.            以……为骄傲?

9.          分发，发出?

10.           从……判断

Ⅲ.典型句式运用?

1.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从田地里跑出来找地方藏身。

句中looking for...是现在分词短语作     状语。现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作        。

2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.

成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子失去了父母。?

此处leave表示“              ”，其后通常接复合宾语，即宾语加形容词、过去分词、现在分词、介词(短语)等作宾语补足语。

3.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.工人们为那些家园遭受破坏的幸存者建了住所。?

是定语从句。关系代词whose引导定语从句时，whose在从句中充当定语，whose指人，也可指物。

4.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.部队

组织人员挖出被困者，掩埋死者。 the dead意为“    ”。“          ”

常表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词要用形式。?

5.The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.当地震发生的时候，这个人正在楼下睡觉。?

此处when为并列连词，意为“       ”，前面分句常用    时态。

导练互动

重点单词

1.ruin?

In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in       .(回归课本P26)

观察思考

The bank stepped in to save the company from financial ruin.?

银行的介入使这家公司免于经济崩溃。?

My new shoes got ruined in the mud.?  我的新鞋被泥浆给糟蹋了。

归纳总结?

ruin                。?

be in ruins成为废墟?

be the ruin of成为……毁灭(堕落)的原因?

bring sb.to ruin使某人失败;使倾家荡产?

come/fall to/into ruin毁灭，灭亡;崩溃;破坏掉?

ruin oneself自取灭亡?

ruin one’s health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉?

易混辨异

destroy, ruin, damage, break, spoil

(1)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深;也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。?

(2)ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思。?

(3)damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。?

(4)break是“破坏，打破，打碎”的意思。它表示的范围极广，程度也不一。可用于有形的东西，如石头、玻璃、瓷器等，也可用于无形、抽象的东西，如法律、沉默、魔力、习惯等。?

(5)spoil破坏，糟蹋，其重点在于破坏事物原先的结构、和谐性，使事物不再具有原先的特点，宾语常是景致、食欲、计划等。

即学即用?

(1)大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。?

The heavy rain                   . ?

(2)多年的战事已使伊拉克满目疮痍。?

Years of fighting has left Iraq         .

2.injure

Two thirds of them died or were during the earthquake.(回归课本P26)

易混辨异

hurt, injure, harm, wound

(1)hurt既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、感情上的伤害;作不及物动词，意为“(身体某部位)疼痛”。指肉体上的伤害时，hurt可与badly, slightly, seriously等连用，但若指精神上的创伤，只能说very much/rather/deeply hurt。

(2)injure比hurt正式，hurt多指伤痛，而injure则指损害健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。

(3)harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其指不道德的事情。?

(4)wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，尤指在战场上受伤。

即学即用?

(1)在这次长途车撞车事故中，有10人死亡，18人重伤。?

In the coach crash 10 people died and 18                      . ?

(2)在战争中，受伤的远比死亡的人多。?

In a war there are than killed. ?

(3)不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免伤害眼睛。?

Don’t                by reading in dim light.

3.burst

In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and       .(回归课本P26)

观察思考

The excellent performance of Chinese competitors at the 29th Beijing Olympic Games caused bursts of applause.?

在第29届北京奥运会上，中国队队员的精彩表现赢得了阵阵掌声。?

She was bursting to tell him the good news.  她急不可待要把好消息告诉他。

归纳总结?

burst

。?

burst out突然迸发;爆发?

burst out doing sth.(=burst into+?n.?)突然……起来?

be bursting to do sth.渴望;急着要做(某事)

burst in/into闯进，突然破门而入?

burst with anger/grief/joy勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支?

即学即用?

(1)     John working hard      his lost time, his mother burst      laughing.

A. Seen; to keep up with; into?

B. Seeing; to make up; out?

C. Having seen; to catch up with; into?

D. On seeing; to make up for; out

(2)She      into tears the moment she knew she had failed that exam.?

A. burst            B. broke      C. shocked          D. cried

4.shock?

People were         .(回归课本P26)

观察思考?

I was shocked at the news of her death. 我听到她的死讯十分震惊。?

I was shocked to hear that he had resigned.听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。?

The news of his death was a shock to us. 他的死讯令我们震惊。