ABC型

begin began begun

blow blew blown

break broke broken

choose chose chosen

draw drew drawn

drive drove driven

drink drank drunk

fly flew flown

forgive forgave forgiven

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

give gave given

grow grew grown

know knew known

ride rode ridden

rise rose risen

ring rang rung

shake shook shaken

sing sang sung

sink sank sunk

swim swam swum

throw threw thrown

write wrote written

[编辑本段]用法

(1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.

I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)

Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)

Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱)

He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地)

(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.

Mary has been ill for three days.

I have lived here since 1998.

注(超重要)：瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词

come-be

go out-be out

finish-be over

open-be open

die-be dead

………………

1.have代替buy

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

2、用keep或have代替borrow

I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days.

3、用be替代become

How long has your sister been a teacher?

4、用have a cold代替catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

5、用wear代替put on

b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词

1、be+married代marry 2、be+ill代fall (get) ill

3、be+dead代die 4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep

5、be+awake代wake/wake up 6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave

7、be+open代open 8、be closed代close/shut

9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose

c)用“be+副词”代终止性动词

1“be+on”代start,begin

2“be+up”代get up

3“be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to

4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等

d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词

1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to

2.用be in the army 代替join the army

3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：

1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw.

→have been in sw./at…相应的介词

2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back

3. have come/gone out →have been out

4. have become → have been

5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open

6. have got up → have been up;

7. have died → have been dead;

8. have left sw. → have been away from sw.

9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep;

10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;

11. havemarried → have been married;

12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ;

13. have begun → have been on

14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had

15. have lost → haven’t had

16. have put on →have worn

17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;

18. have got to know → have known

19. have/has gone to → have been in

20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army

→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…

注意： 1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语)