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常见错误方式:
1、错词(words mistaken)。在标有题号的一行中有一词在词法、搭配或词义等方面有错误,要求考生找出错误并换上正确的词(change a word),这类错误在所有错误中占绝大多数。
2、缺词(words missing)。在标有题号的一行的任何位置缺了一词,要求考生按语法、搭配或上下文语义的需要找出缺词的位置并补上所缺的词(insert a word)。
3、多词(words redundant)。在标有题号的一行中有一词按语法、搭配或上下文语义要求纯属多余,要求考生认定该多余的词并划去(cross out a word)。
短文共有10处错误,但究竟哪一行多一词,哪一行缺一词或错一词,则没有任何规律和标记。历年考题的统计资料表明,绝大多数改错设计为错词一类。其主要原因除了命题因素外,更由于这类错误形式难度较大,并更能考查考生的实际语言驾驭能力。
解题方法:
1、先读文章前两句,确定本文的主导时态
如果是议论文,说明文,主要时态应该是一般现在时。 如果是游记或回忆应该是一般过去时为主导,在做题过程中要把握主从时态要协调原则。
2、逐行阅读,按点找错,有的放矢
我们之所以做不好改错的原因,是因为我们不知道哪里容易出错。常见错误口诀如下:
1)谓语和非谓语混用口诀
谓与非谓语经常混,谓语句中就一个;
其余动词非谓语,非谓形式有三种:
Ving、Ved 和 to do;
现在分词表主动 ,过去分词表被动 ;
目的要用不定式,主宾要用动名词;
例: Police’s records show a surprised link between changes in the seasons and crime patterns. [surprising]
2)四大常见错误口诀:
见到谓语找主语,主谓一致找状语;
见到that 想从句,从句里给谓语;
见到名词想可数,可数不可数要记清;
见到代词找指代,指代通常不合理
见到平行看结构,形式功能要对称
例:1)Business today whether it is running a little gas-station or a big factory take good management.[takes]
A break in their employment, or a decision to work part time, will slow its raises and promotions-because it would for men. [their]
3.逻辑混淆,词性误用,放弃僻题原则
逻辑错误:重点考一种,肯定还是否定的问题。
Blood pressure drugs definitely help some people live after a heart attack, but these same drugs may be both necessary and harmful for those with only mild blood pressure problems. [unnecessary]
词性误用:介词连词误用,形容词副词误用
放弃僻题:对于过于生僻的考点,如果无法找出错误与其浪费时间不如合理放弃,因为放弃也是一种智慧,下边我会结合文章给大家讲解些何为僻题
4.最后通读全文,进行复检
再浏览改后的全文,看全篇是否语意通顺,注意无错行一般是一行。要按照绝对规范的要求去答题。
实战演练
Culture refers to the social heritage of a people- the learned patterns for thinking ,feeling and acting that characterize a population or society, include the expression of these patterns in material things.
本题考点:谓与非谓语经常混,谓语句中就一个
本文已经有两个谓语refers characterize 一个连词that,如果再出现谓语则必须再出现一个谓语。因为一个基本规则请同学们记好:连词数=谓语数-1。所以此时include 后面有宾语最好的改写方式:including
Culture is compose of nonmaterial culture abstract creations like values, beliefs, customs, and institutional arrangements-and material culture-physical object like cooking spots ,computers and bathtubs.
本题考点:
1)谓与非谓语经常混,谓语句中就一个:compose—composed
2) 见到名词想可数,可数不可数要记清: object-objects
In sum, culture reflects both the ideas we share or everything we make.
本题考点:
见到平行看结构,形式功能要对称
both A or B—改为both and
In ordinary speech, a person of culture is the individual can speak another language- the person who is unfamiliar with the arts,music, literature, philosophy, or history.
本题考点:
1)谓与非谓语经常混,谓语句中就一个
本句中有三个谓语却只有一个引导词,所以应该加一个连词,在can speak 前加一个who.
2)逻辑错误:根据上下文判断 unfamiliar –familiar
But to sociologists ,to be human to be cultured, because of culture is the common world of experience.
本题考点:介词与连词误用
because of –because 因为后面是一句话需要连词
Culture is essentially to our humanness.
本题考点:副词与形容词误用
essentially—essential
How do you know how to act in a classroom, or a department store, or toward a person who smiles or laugh at you?
本题考点: 见到平行看结构,形式功能要对称
laugh—laughs
Your culture supplies you by broad, standardized, ready-made answers for dealing with each of these situations.
本题考点:放弃僻题
如果supply with 这个短语你没有背过,这个题目解起来就很吃力,所以我们在考场上对于这种题目所采取的态度是:背过则改,没背过则放弃。
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