2015年商务英语考试语法解析:分词
1.分词的性质:
具有形容词性质,可以在句中担任表语、定语、宾补、状语,现在分词表示主动,且动作在进行:过去分词表示被动,或动作已完成。
2.分词的形式:
例: write (vt) rise (vi)
主动语态 被动语态 主动 过去分词
时态
现在时 writing being written rising risen
完成时 having written having been written having risen
3.用法:
(1)定语 分词置于被修饰名词前转自:考试网 - [Examw.Com]
分词短语于置于被修饰名词后
a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping
a running dog = a dog which is running
a broken glass = a glass which is broken
a beaten team = a team which is beaten(beaten 是被打败的意思)
This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.
The problem being discussed is very important.
(2)表语:
The book is interesting.
He is interested in the book.
The news is exciting.
He feels excited.
(3)宾语补足语:
When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.
I'd like to have this package weighed.
掌握精髓:动词不定式作宾语表示动作的全过程,而现在分词作宾补表示动作正在进行;过去分词表示被动概念。
(4)状语:(以下例句值得一背!)
① If you turn to the left, you'll find the station.
→ Turning to the left, you'll find the station.
② As I didn't receive her letter, I called her up by telephone.
→ Not receiving her letter, I called her up by telephone.
③ While I was walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
→ Walking to school yesterday morning, I met a friend.
④ When she was asked it she had any bad habit, she answered that she was a heavy smoker.
→ Asked if she had any bad habit, she answered that she was a heavy smoker.
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