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surging—— To increase suddenly. Used of electric current or voltage猛增=accelerating
surpass—— To be or go beyond, as in degree or quality; exceed胜过=exceed, outrun
sustain—— To keep in existence; maintain继续生存;维持=maintain
sustenance—— Something, especially food, that sustains life or health营养物,尤指食物=fare Food and drink; diet食物和饮料
Means of livelihood生计=livelihood
supplement——Something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency, or extend or strengthen the whole补充物,用来完成某事、补充不足、扩展或加强=extension
An addition that increases the area, influence, operation, or contents of something扩大
supreme——Greatest in importance, degree, significance, character, or achievement最重要的=outstanding
succinct——Characterized by clear, precise expression in few words; concise and terse简明的=concise
sufficient——Being as much as is needed充足的=adequate
sumptuous——Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense; lavish豪华的;花费奢侈的=luxurious
substantial——Considerable in importance, value, degree, amount, or extent有重大价值的=considerable Worthy of consideration; significant重要的
substitute——One that takes the place of another; a replacement代用品=replacement, in place of代替
subsidize——To assist or support with a subsidy以津贴补助=finance To supply funds to给…提供资金
subtle——So slight as to be difficult to detect or analyze; elusive纤细的,细小的=slight
submit——提出,提交=present提出;呈递
subsidy——Monetary assistance granted by a government to a person orsgroupsin support of an enterprise regarded as being in the public interest补助金=financing融通资金
subject to ——在……条件下;易受……的侵袭;受控制=expose to, susceptible to
stretch——A continuous or unbroken length, area, or expanse连续不断的长度,地区或空间=span The extent or measure of space between two points or extremities, as of a bridge or roof; the breadth跨度两点或两端间的空间
strike——To engage in a strike against an employer罢工=walkout
To come to; attain来到;到达= make contact with
striking—— Arresting the attention and producing a vivid impression on the sight or the mind.惹人注目的=prominent Immediately noticeable; conspicuous显眼的
stringent—— Imposing rigorous standards of performance; severe严格的=strict
stimulus—— Something that incites or rouses to action; an incentive激发物=motivate
strain ——To pull, draw, or stretch tight拉紧=tension The act or process of stretching something tight拉紧
stationary—— Not capable of being moved; fixed不能被移动的;固定的=fixed, immobile
status——Position relative to that of others; standing地位=standing
sticky——shavingsthe property of adhering or sticking to a surface; adhesive粘的=adhere, cement
staple—— A basic or principal element or feature主要成分,基本成分=basic element
squirt—— To issue forth in a thin forceful stream or jet; spurt喷=spurt out v.喷出
staggering—— Causing great astonishment, amazement, or dismay; overwhelming令人大为吃惊、惊讶或沮丧的;使束手无策的=overwhelming
spur—— To incite or stimulate刺激,鞭策=stimulate
speculate about—— To assume to be true without conclusive evidence推测=hypothesize To assert as a hypothesis假设
spinal——Of, relating to, or situated near the spine or spinal cord; vertebral脊柱的=backbone
spark—— To set in motion; activate发动;触发=bring about引起;致使;造成;达成
spawn—— To give rise to; engender造成;使产生=create
solemn—— Deeply earnest, serious, and sober庄严的,极认真的,严肃的=serious
slope——declivity A downward slope, as of a hill斜坡
smother—— To suffocate (another)使窒息=eliminate To get rid of; remove消灭;消除
snap—— To pull apart or break with a snapping sound折断=break
signify—— To denote; mean表示…的意思=denote
simultaneously——同时存在[发生]地=concurrently同时发生的,并存的;合作的
skepticism—— A doubting or questioning attitude or state of mind; dubiety怀疑态度=doubt
shield—— To protect or defend with or as if with a shield; guard保护、防卫=protect
secrete—— To conceal in a hiding place; cache躲藏=produce
scarce—— Hard to find; absent or rare难得的;缺少的或罕见的=rare
scores—— A composition written for a musical comedy配乐=musical compositions音乐作品
scent—— A perfume香水=perfume
scale—— To climb up or over; ascend攀登=climb
sanitation—— Formulation and application of measures designed to protect public health.卫生措施=health
tremendous—— Extremely large in amount, extent, or degree; enormous巨大的=huge, greatly
trend—— A general tendency or inclination趋向=tendency
trap—— A contrivance for catching and holding animals, as a concealed pit or a clamp like device that springs shut suddenly陷阱=entomb To place in or as if in a tomb or grave埋葬
trace—— A visible mark, such as a footprint, made or left by the passage of a person, an animal, or a thing痕迹=imprint, residue The remainder of something after removal of parts or a part残留物
textile—— A cloth, especially one manufactured by weaving or knitting; a fabric纺织品=cloth, fabric
terrestrial—— Of, relating to, or composed of land陆地的=land
terrain—— An area of land; ground地区;地带=land
tedium—— The quality or condition of being tedious; tediousness or boredom单调乏味=tiresome
temporarily—— Lasting, used, serving, or enjoyed for a limited time在有限的时间内持续地、被使用、发挥作用=makeshift A temporary or expedient substitute for something else. 权宜之计,暂时或临时替代其它事物的东西
usher—— To precede and introduce; inaugurate宣告,展示介绍;开始,开创=begin