【编者按】精品学习网小编总结归纳，2013年职称英语《卫生类》补全短文：Supermarket，希望对考生备考有帮助。
Supermarket
Supermarketisatypeofretailinginstitutionthathasamoderatelybroadproductassortmentspanninggroceriesandsomenonfoodlines,thatordinarilyemphasizespriceineitheranoffensiveordefensiveway.Asamethod,supermarketretailingfeaturesseveralrelatedproductlines,ahighdegreeofself-service,largelycentralizedcheckout,andcompetitiveprices.Thesupermarketapproachtoretailingisusedtosellvariouskindsofmerchandise,____(1)____.--
Thetermsupermarketusuallyreferstoaninstitutioninthegroceryretailingfield.Mostsupermarketsemphasizeprice.Someusepriceoffensivelybyfeaturinglowpricesinordertoattractcustomers.Othersupermarketsusepricemoredefensivelybyrelyingonleaderpricingtoavoidapricedisadvantage.Sincesupermarketstypicallyhaveverythingrossmargins,theyneedhighlevelsofinventoryturnovertoachievesatisfactoryreturnsoninvestedcapital.
Supermarketsoriginatesintheearly1930s.Theywereestablishedbyindependents____(2)____.Supermarketswereanimmediatesuccess,andtheinnovationwassoonadoptedbychainstores.Inrecentdecadessupermarketshaveaddedvariousnonfoodlinestoprovidecustomerswithone-stopshoppingconvenienceandtoimproveoverallgrossmargins.
Todaystoresusingthesupermarketmethodofretailingaredominantingroceryretailing.However,differentnamesareusedtodistinguishtheseinstitutions____(3)____:
Asuperstoreisalargerversionofthesupermarket.Itoffersmoregroceryandnonfooditems____(4)____.Manysupermarketchainsareemphasizingsuperstoresintheirnewconstruction.
Combinationstoresareusuallyevenlargerthansuperstore.They,too,offermoregroceriesandnonfoodsthanasupermarketbutalsomostproductlinesfoundinalargedrugstore.SomecombinationstoresarejointventuresbetweensupermarketsanddrugchainssuchasKrogerandSav-on.
Formanyyearsthesupermarkethasbeenunderattackfromnumerouscompetitors.Forexample,agroceryshoppercanchooseamongnotonlymanybrandsofsupermarketsbutalsovarioustypesofinstitutions(warehousestores,gourmetshops,meatandfishmarkets,andconveniencestores).Supermarketshavereactedtocompetitivepressures____(5)____:Somecutcostsandstressedlowpricesbyofferingmoreprivatebrandsandgenericproductsandfewcustomerservices.Othersexpandedtheirstoresizeandassortmentsbyaddingmorenonfoodlines(especiallyproductsfoundindrugstores),groceriesattunedtoaparticularmarketarea(foodsthatappealtoaspecificethnicgroup,forexample),andvariousservicedepartments(includingvideorentals,restaurants,delicatessens,financialinstitutions,andpharmacies).
Abysizeandassortment
Bthanaconventionalsupermarketdoes--
Cincludingbuildingmaterials,officeproducts,and,ofcourse,groceries
Dattractingmorecustomerswiththeirlowprices
Eprimarilyineitheroftwoways--
Ftocompetewithgrocerychains
KEYS:CFABE