【编者按】精品学习网小编总结归纳,职称英语2013年《卫生类》补全短文:U.S.,EuropeanDrugOfficialsApproveInhaledInsulin,希望对考生备考有帮助。
U.S.,EuropeanDrugOfficialsApproveInhaledInsulin
Aformofinsulinforpeoplewithdiabetestotakebymouthisexpectedtobesoldwithinafewmonths.ThenewmedicineiscalledExubera1.TheUnitedStatesFoodandDrugAdministration2andtheEuropeanCommission0bothrecentlyapproveditforadults.Itcouldmakelifeeasierformanydiabeticswhorequiredailyinjectionsofinsulintocontroltheirbloodsugarlevels.Butitwillnotreplaceallinsulinrejections.Anditisnotforeveryone.PeoplewhosmokeorhavestoppedsmokingforlessthansixmonthsshouldnottakeExubera.______.
Threedrugcompanies—Pfizer,Sanofi-AventisandNektarTherapeutics—developedtheinhaledinsulin.______Expertssayaboutfifteenpercentofdiabeticswhoneedinsulindonottakeit.Thetreatmentcaninvolveseveralinjectionseachday.
Insulinisahormonethatthebodyusestochangefoodintoenergy.Failuretocontrolbloodsugarlevelscanleadtoseriousproblems,includingblindnessandlossofbloodflowtothefeet.Itcanalsoleadtoheartdisease,strokeandkidneyfailure4.insulinhasbeensoldasadrugsincethenineteentwenties.Thisisthefirstnewwaytotakeit.Exuberausesapowderbreathedintothelungsthroughamouthpiece.Pfizerwillstudythelong-termeffects.Itsayssomepatientshavereportedamildcoughwhileusingtheinhaledinsulin.5
Manypeopledonotknowtheyhavediabetes.Therearetwoforms.MostdiabeticshavetheTypeTwoform.Theirbodydoesnotmakeenoughinsulinorcannoteffectivelyusetheinsulinitproduces.______MostTypeTwodiabeticsdonottakeinsulin.Theirmedicinescanbetakenbymouth.Diet,exerciseandweightcontrolarealsoimportant.TypeOnediabetesoftenbeginsinchildhood.______.
Officialssaydiabeticswitheithertypecoulduseinhaledinsulin,eitherbeforeorafterameal.ButTypeOnediabeticsandsomewithTypeTwowouldstillneedalonger-lastinginjectionatleastonceaday.
词汇:
inhale/in5heil/vt.吸入vi.吸气insulin/5insjulin/n.胰岛素diabetes/7daiE5bi:ti:z,-ti:s/n.糖尿病;多尿症diabetic/7daiE5betik,-5bi:tik/adj.糖尿病的n.糖尿病患者injection/in5dVekFEn/n.注射;注射液,针剂therapeutics/9WerE`pjU:tIks/n.治疗学;疗法,治疗hormone/5hC:mEun/n..激素,荷尔蒙stroke/strEuk/n.(疾病)发作;中风mouthpiece/5maJWpi:s/n..接口管
练习:
AWiththistypethebodyisunabletoproduceinsulin.
BPfizerrecentlyboughttherightstosellitworldwide.
CThecontroloftheirbloodsugarlevelsismostimportantforpatientswithdiabetes.
DItiscommoninpeoplewhoareoverweightandnotactive.
ESomepatientswithlungdiseaseshouldnottakeiteither.
FPeopleareadvisedtohavetheirlungsexaminedbeforeusingExubera,andatleastonceayearafterthat.
答案与题解:
1.E此空白处的前一句说,“抽烟的人和戒烟不足六个月的人不能使用Exubera”,而选项E说,“一些患有肺部疾病的病人也不能用”,这里either实际上起到提示作用,使前后句紧密衔接。
2.B此空白处的前一句说到,“三家制药公司研发了这种吸人型的胰岛素”,那么怎么销售呢?选项B,“Pfizer公司最近买到全球的销售权”填到这里是再恰当不过的了。
3.F本空白处的前一句说到,“有些患者在使用吸人型胰岛素时有轻度咳嗽”,那根据推理自然要叫这种病人去作肺部检查,选项F正是这方面的内容,而且肺部检查只有与咳嗽才能联系在一起,无法将其填人其他空白处。
4.D本段解释两种类划的糖尿病。“Ⅱ型糖尿病人的身体无法制造足够的胰岛素或者无法有效利用身体所产生的胰岛素”,而前面已经说到,身体就是利用胰岛素来将食物转化成能量的,所以根据推理,“肥胖并不活动的人”一定易患n型糖尿病。
5.A空白处的前一句说,“Ⅰ型糖尿病常常在儿童时期就开始”,即使没有医学常识的人也应该从前面介绍II型糖尿病中找到本空白处的答案,因为前面说到,“Ⅱ型糖尿病人的身体无法制造足够的胰岛素或者无法有效利用身体所产生的胰岛素”,可见Ⅱ型糖尿病人的身体多少还是能够制造胰岛素的。相比之下,Ⅰ型糖尿病人的身体一定“不能制造胰岛素”了。