状语从句
所谓状语从句,是指用来说明主句行为(或状态)发生的时间、原因、条件、地点、目的、结果及方式等。
1) 时间状语从句:记住以下连接词的意思和重点:
(1)when / while / as (当…时侯)
注意:while除了做时间状语的连接词外,还解释为"虽然…","而…".
例如:He is very diligent, while she is very lazy. (他很勤奋,而她却很懒。)
(2)before (after) 在…之前(后)
(3)until / not until(直到)注意:not until放在句首时,往往要求倒装(详见"第七讲")
(4)as soon as / once (一…就…)
(5)immediately / instantly / directly 原本是副词,这里作连接词,表示"一…就…",
例如: I knew I had made a mistake directly (或用immediately / as soon as) I had done it. (刚做完这件事,我就知道我做错了。)
(6)the moment / each time / every time / next time / the first time / the instant / the year原本是名词或副词,这里作连接词用。
(7)hardly (scarcely)…when… / no sooner…than…"一…就…"
注意:这是时间状语考试的重点句型,一是不要把两个句型中的when和than的搭配搞错了,二是要用倒装语序(详见"第七讲")。
例如:
Hardly had I sat down when the telephone rang. (我刚坐下,电话铃就响了。)
重点:在时间(和条件)状语中,用一般时代替将来时。
例如:
We'll start as soon as the leader ______. (领导一来就开始。)
A.comes B.is comingC.will come D.came
根据英语"时态一致性"原则,主句与从句的时态应一致,答案似乎应该是B或C,但是正确答案是A,因为在时间状语中,用一般时代替将来时。将上句改为过去时,道理也一样:
He said (that) we would start as soon as the leader _____.
A.came B.was coming C.would come D.comes
答案应为A