中考英语常见错误 K and L系列复习指导

keep ?

[误] She was keeping something to her father.?

[正] She was keeping something from her father.?

[析] "对某人隐瞒某事"要用"keep something from somebody"句型。?

[误] He kept to repeat the word again and again.?

[正] He kept repeating the word again and again.?

[析] keep doing something为连续不断地做某事。有时可以与keep on doing something互换。它们的区别在于keep doing something意为该动作一直不停地在进行中，如： When the train started, she kept waving her hand. 而keep on doing something则表示该动作可能停停顿顿但却一直在进行中，如： He kept on making the same mistakes in grammar.

[误] We must keep up the times.?

[正] We must keep up with the times.?

[析] 这句话意为"我们必须赶上时代"，keep up with是"赶上"之意，而keep up则是"坚持下去"的意思，如： Keep it up, don't stop now!?

key ?

[误] I lost the key of the door.?

[正] I lost the key to the door.?

[析] 英语中讲某某的东西一般要用of，而key, entrance, answer则多用to，如："门的钥匙"为key to the door, "高速公路入口"为entrance to the highway, "问题的答案"为the answer (key) to the question.?

kind ?

[误] This kind of books are not good.?

[正] This kind of books is not good.?

[析] kind在这种句式中应作为主语，如果讲Those kinds of books are very good. 则是正确的。?

kind sort type ?

kind和sort为同义词，意为"种类"，而type则为"型号"，如： What type of this car do you want?(你想要这种车的什么型号?)?

knock ?

[误] Someone was knocking the door.?

[正] Someone was knocking at the door.?

[析] knock虽可以作及物动词，如： The car knocked a hole in the fence. 但作"敲门"讲一定要用作不及物动词： knock at (on) the door.?

know ?

[误] I want to know to play this game.?

[正] I want to know how to play this game.?

[析] 要注意英语中在不定式前加疑问代词或疑问副词的用法。如：I want to know how to do it / what to do / when to do it / where to go.?

know know of ?

I know him.为"我很了解他。"而I know of him. 则为"我听说过他。"同样的用法还有hear和hear of这一词组。?

L

large ?

[误] He found a large number of mistake in his homework.?

[正] He found a large number of mistakes in his homework.?

[析] "a large number of + 复数名词"，意为大量的。?

last ?

[误] This is the newest news.?

[正] This is the latest news.?

[析] "最新消息"应为latest news，因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息，请注意英语与汉语的区别。?

last the last ?

[误] I saw my brother the last week.?

[正] I saw my brother last week.?

[析] 当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用last month, last week, 而不能加定冠词，the last 可用于表示一系列词的最后一个，如： That was the last Christmas I spent at home. 但the last可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期，如： I am busy for the last week.?

late ?

[误] Yesterday I went home lately.?

[正] Yesterday I went home late.?

[析] late即可做形容词又可作副词;而lately则意为"最近的"，如： I haven't seen her lately.?

late latter later lately ?

late有两个比较级，指时间较晚应用later，如口语中常讲： See you later. (一会见。)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者，或靠后的，其反意词为former，如： the former president(前总统)。又如： I can understand the latter part of the story. 而lately则意为"近来"、"不久前"。?laughed at by his classmates. 中的at是不可省掉的。?laugh over 则指"笑着谈论"某事，如 We laugh over the film. (我们笑着谈论那个电影。)?

lay ?

[误] We lied on the beach.?

[正] We lay on the beach.?

[析] 英文中有三个动词易混，在考试中也频频出现，它们的现在式，过去式，过去分词以及现在分词是： ?

lay (?vt?. 放) laid laid laying?

lie(?vi?. 躺) lay lain cying?

lie(?vi?. 说谎) lied lied lying?

learn ?

[误] The teacher said："You must study this poem by heart."?

[正] The teacher said："You must learn this poem by heart."?

[析] study与learn在作"学习"讲时，常常可以互换，但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习，如：The little baby is learning to walk. 而study则多侧重于学习的过程，如： I'm studying at this college. 而learn…by heart则是"记住"、"背诵"之意。?

leave ?

[误] I'll leave Beijing to Shanghai.?

[正] I'll leave Beijing for Shanghai.?

[析] leave for一词组为"去某地"，如对话中常讲I'll leave for Shanghai. 因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。?

leave forget ?

[误] I've forgotten my homework at home.?

[正] I've forgotten my homework.?

[正] I've left my homework at home.?

[析] 如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget, 而要用leave.?

lesson ?

[误] I have two lessons of English.?

[正] I have two English lessons.?

[正] I have two lessons in English.?

[析] "我有两节英语课。"这一表达法如上，但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用"I have two classes."?teach somebody a lesson 为"教训某人"，或"要吸取教训"，如： Let this thing teaches you a lesson.?

lend ?

[误] Please borrow me your bike.?

[正] Please lend me your bike.?

[析] borrow是指"借入"，如： I want to borrow some books from the library. lend 是"借出"，如： I can lend you my bike. 而keep为"借多久"： 如 How long can I keep it??

less ?

[误] He has fewer money than she has.?

[正] He has less money than she has.?

[析] less是little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。要注意前者修饰不可数名词，而后者修饰可数名词。?

let ?

[误] The teacher lets the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

[正] The teacher makes the students clean the classroom as a punishment.?

[析] 虽然let, have, make有相同的用法，但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。

[误] Let's go to the park, will you??

[正] Let's go to the park, shall we??

[误] Let us go to the park, shall we??

[正] Let us go to the park, will you??

[析] Let's go的反意疑问句是shall we?而Let us go的反意疑问句则是will you??

life ?

[误] Many people lost their life in the Second World War.?

[正] Many People lost their lives in the Second World War.?

[析] life作为"生命"、"性命"时应为可数名词;当泛指一般"生活"讲时则为不可数名词，如： Which do you prefer, town life or country life? 又如： Life is not all fun.?

light ?

[误] There is a desk with a lit lamp on it.?

[正] There is a desk with a lighted lamp on it.?

[析] light有两个过去分词： lighted和lit，当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.?light可以用作名词，如： The moon gets its light from the sun. 也可以作形容词，如： The classroom is very light. 还可以作动词，如： The little girl lit a match. 作形容词时还有"轻"、"浅"等意，如： This box is light. I like light blue.?

like ?

[误] My sister is very as me.?

[正] My sister is very like me.?

[析] as 作为连词其后要接从句，如： She is a good student as his brother used to be. 而like是介词，其后接宾语。?

[误] Do you like swimming with me tonight.?

[正] Would you like to swim with me tonight.?

[析] like作为动词当"喜欢"讲时，其后面可接不定式也可接动名词，用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作，如： I'm sorry I don't like to go swimming tonight. 用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作，如： I like swimming very much.?

like alike ?

作为形容词，alike 一般不作定语，而只作表语，如; The twins are very alike.?

[误] Would you like swimming with us??

[正] Would you like to swim with us??

[析] 在would you like…这一句型中，其后面只能接不定式，而不能接动名词。?like的用法还要注意以下两点： ① He likes Tom. 为"他喜欢汤姆。"② He is like Tom. 为"他像汤姆。"第二句话的like为介词，而第一句话的like为动词。?

listen ?

[误] You should hear the teahcer's advice.?

[正] You should listen to the teacher's advice.?

[析] hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音，而listen to则侧重于听的倾向性。如： We listen but hear nothing. 例句为"听取某人意见"，所以只能用listen to someone's advice.?

little ?

[误] Don't worry, there is little time.?

[正] Don't worry, there is a little time.?

[误] There is a little water. Shall I get some??

[正] There is little water. Shall I get some??

[析] 要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。如中文"水不多了，我去取点吧。"英文要讲"没水了，我去取点吧。"?

little small ?

little与small是近义词，在作定语时常常可以互换，如： a little girl或a small girl,但little一般不作表语，如： The car over there is small. 一句中不要用little. 作定语时little常常带有感情色彩，而small则带有对比的含义。?

live ?

[误] Tom lives with his parents' money.?

[正] Tom lives on his parents' money.?

[误] He lives on teaching.?

quot;靠吃某物为生"应用live on something, 而live by是"靠某种生活手段为生"。?

living alive ?

living侧重于生活得很好，身体不错，如： My grandfather is still living in his eighties. 而alive则强调没有死而是活着的，如： Is that cat alive or dead??

lonely ?

[误] She wanted to do her homework lonely.?

[正] She wanted to do her homework alone.?

[析] lonely意为"寂寞的"、"孤单的"，如： The old man felt lonely. alone则意为"独自的"、"单独的"，如： He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.

?

long ?

[误] I have been studying long for the exam.?

[正] I have been studying for a long time for the exam.?

[析] long用作表达时间的副词时，在否定句及疑问句中最常用，但在肯定句中除与so, too, as…as连用外，一般要用for a long time.?

[误] I'll call you as long as the book will be returned.?

[正] I'll call you as long as the book is returned.?

[析] as…as引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来。?

[误] How long do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

[正] How often do you go to see your parents? Once a week.?

[析] 因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率，要用how often.

?

look ?

look for find ?

look for 侧重于 "寻找"这个动作，如： What are you looking for? 而find则侧重于结果，如： It is very difficult to find a job. 这里不能用look for，因为真正困难的是"找到"工作。?

其他用法还有：?

[例] He often looks back on his high?school days.?

[析] look back on something 为"回顾"、"回想"。?

[例] I wish you wouldn't look down on (upon) the children's work.?

[析] look down on (upon) 为"看不起"某人或某事。?

[误] I'm looking forward to see you.?

[正] I'm looking forward to seeing you.?

[析] look forward to词组中的to是介词，所以其后要加名词或动名词，不能接不定式。?

lot ?

[误] I can buy this dictionary now, because I have got much money.?

[正] I can buy this dictionary now because I have got a lot of money.?

[析] much money多用于疑问句与否定句中，而在肯定句中要用a lot of.?lots of与a lot of之间无多大区别，两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词，所以常常可以互换。?

[误] He is more happier now.?

[正] He is a lot happier now.?

[析] 不可用more来修饰比较级，能修饰比较级的词有very much, a lot, lots, any, no, rather, a little, a bit等。?

loud loudly ?

这两个词含意相同，在日常用语中loud多与talk，speak, shout, laugh等动词连用，如：Don't speak so loud， you'll wake the baby. 而在比较正式的场合才用loudly.?

loud aloud ?

loud多指把声音放大，而aloud则指要出声不要默读。如：?-What did you say??-Oh, nothing, I was just think aloud. (我只不过自言自语。)?

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