【注意】

过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情，但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态，强调动作的连续进行，而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实，例如：

They were building a house last month. (上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知)

They built a new house last month. (上个月建造好了，动作已经完成)

(7)过去完成时的用法

过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或所处的状态，过去完成时常和 by , before 等词组成的短语和从句连用。

We had already learned two thousands words by the end of last year.

When we arrived at the station, they had waited for more than twenty minutes.

(8)过去将来时的用法

过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在地状态，过去将来时较多地被运用在宾语从句中。例如：

They were going to have a meeting.

I told him that I would see him off at the station.

2.动词的语态

语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态;主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

(1)被动语态

1) 被动语态最基本的句型结构是： be +及物动词过去分词

2) 被动语态中的谓语动词一定要是及物动词

因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者，某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等，也可用于被动语态。

The children were taken good care of by her.

【注意】

短语动词中的介词或副词变成被动语态时不可遗漏。

3) 主动语态变为被动语态要加“to”的情况

若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为感官动词，如：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch等。例如：

The teacher made me go out of the classroom.

I was made to go out of the classroom (by the teacher).

4) 主动形式表示被动意义

如wash, clean, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sell等动词虽然用做主动形式却表示被动的意义。例如：

The food tastes good.