中考英语被动语态

一、考查要点：

主要考查一般现在时，一般过去时以及一般现在时带有情态动词的被动语态的用法。例如：

1. Today Chinese _____by more and more people around the world.

A. was spoken B. is spoken C. spoke D. speak

(2006北京市大纲卷)

2. -What should we do first if we want to develop our village?

-A lot of new roads _____，I think.

A. have to build B. must build C. have built D. must be built

(2006湖北黄冈)

(Key：1. B 2. D)

简析：被动语态的句子是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”这一形式构成的。过去分词永远不变，所有的变化即人称、数、时态的变化，都体现在助动词be的变化上。

二、特殊情况：

(一)在没有必要指出动作的执行者时，“by+动作的执行者”可以省略。

1. I won’t leave my office until my work .

A. finish B. will finish C. are finished D. is finished

(2006江苏南通)

简析：D.动作的执行者很明确，可以省略。

(二)不知道动作的执行者是谁，使用被动语态比较适宜。

2. Dad， the phone is ringing. I guess either you or Mum_____on the phone.

A. is wanted B. are wanted C. wants D. want

(2006江苏宿迁)

简析：A.不清楚动作的执行者，用被动语态。

(三)用于被动语态的短语动词不可丢掉动词后面的介词或副词。

3. Students can’t take magazines out of the reading-room. (改为被动语态)

Magazines can’t _____ the reading-room by students.

(2006重庆市)

简析：填be taken out of.take out of为短语动词，变为被动语态后，不要漏掉out of.

(四)带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，常有两种方法：把主动语态的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前通常加介词to或for;或把主动语态的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，直接宾语不变。

4. My uncle sent me a Christmas present last year.(改为被动语态)

A Christmas present _____ to me by my uncle last year.

(2006重庆市)

简析：填was sent.

三、补充说明：

(一)一般将来时的被动语态

1. The village is building a school. I hope it _____ before August this year.

A. finishes B. will finish C. is finished D. will be finished

(2006江西省大纲卷)

简析：D.一般将来时的被动语态结构为：will/shall+be+及物动词的过去分词。

(二)现在完成时的被动语态

2. China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang _____ Goodwill Ambassadors(亲善大使)for Shanghai.

A. has been named B. have been named

C. has named D. have named

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