二、换用笼统词

词大体可分为两类：笼统词和具体词。笼统词的特点在于意义广泛、搭配性强。虽然它们独自不能精确表达一个动作，但在构成词组以后可替代很多具体词。写作中遇到一些具体词写不出来的时候，用笼统词取代，能收到异曲同工之妙。最常用的笼统词有 have，take等。

例：迈克经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time。写作时，若忘记了experience可用笼统词have代替，写成Mike had a terrible hard time。同样能收到预期效果。这样的例子还很多。如：

Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?

I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting。

I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper。

They occupied the city. = They took the city。

The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father。

从以上的例句不难看出，具体词音节较多，使用频率不高，容易遗忘，而笼统词则不然。因此，在作文应试中，笼统词取代具体词，不失为一种应急良策。