一致关系包括主语与谓语，代词与所指代的名词必须在人称、数、性等方面保持一致。

(一)主谓一致

主谓一致指的是谓语动词必须和主语保持一致，现将开始中经常出现的几种主谓一致情况归纳如下。

1.在名词/代词+介词短语作主语中，谓语动词的单复数不受这些短语的影响。

together with　along with　as well as　accompanied by

no less than　rather than　more thanas much as

She as well as the other students has learned how to install this electric equipment.她和其他同学一样，也学会了如何安装这种电器设备。

She, as much as her parents, was responsible for the matter.

The boy, more than anyone else, is fatter.

My license rather than my credit cards was lost.

2.在one+in/of/out of等引导的结构中，一般采用语法一致原则，动词用单数。

One of the most interesting stories was told by a boy of eight.

One out of ten is certainly wrong.

3.在one of +复数名词+定语从句中，常采用就近一致原则，除非one前有 the only/ exactly/ very等副词。

She is one of the best students who have been praised.

He is the only one of the men who knows her.

4.由each… and…., every… and…, each… and…each…, every… and every…作主语时，动词用单数。

Every man and (every) woman in the village is a faithful supporter of the economic reform. 这个村的每一个男女村民都是经济改革的忠实支持者。

5.表示时间、距离、重量、金钱或计量的复数名词，当句子的意思是指总数时，动词用单数。

Three pints isn’t enough for me to drink.

Four thousand pounds is a large sum. (Thousands of/millions of …. +　复数动词)

6.a lot of (lots of), the majority of + 单数名词，动词用单数，接复数名词，动词用复数。

A lot of money has been saved up.

Lots of problems are caused by unemployment.

The majority of the damage is easier to repair.

The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.

7.a large quantity of + 单数名词+单数动词

a large quantity of + 复数名词+复数动词

但great/large/huge/quantities of + 不可数名词+复数动词

Quantities of food were on the table.

There is only a small quantity of money left.

8.Many a … 或more than one + 单数名词+单数动词(many a… and many a…; every… and every …; each …and each… + 单数动词)

There is more than one possible explanation.

Many a plant and many an animal has been divided.

During the Second World War, every man and every woman and every child in that village was killed by Japanese soldiers. 在第二次世界大战时期，这村子里的男女老少全被日本鬼子杀害了。

9.half of/rest of/plenty of + 单数名词或不可数名词+单数动词，而后如为复数名词则动词为复数动词形式。

Half of our work has been finished.

Half of the books are English novels.

10.a portion of, a series of, a flock of, a herd of, a school of等，谓语动词用单数。

A flock of sheep is on the hillside.

A portion of the manuscript is illegible. 这手稿的一部分不易辩读。

There are plenty of natural resources waiting to be explored.

11.某些集体名词如：cattle, clergy, police, militia, poultry等后面的谓语动词用复数。