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Passage1：
Today， supermarkets are found in almost every large city in the world. But the first supermarket was opened only fifty years ago. It was opened in New York by a man named Michael Cullen.
A supermarket is different from other types of stores in several ways. In supermarkets， goods are placed on open shelves. The customers choose what they want and take them to the check-out counter. This means that fewer employees are required than in other stores.
The way products are displayed is another difference between supermarkets and many other types of stores. For example， in supermarkets， there is usually a display of small inexpensive items just in front of the check-out counter： candies， chocolate， magazines， cheap books and so on， why are they there?
Most customers who go to a supermarket buy from a shopping list. They know exactly what they need to buy. They shop according to a plan. By the time he or she reaches the check-out counter， the customer is feeling pleaded and relaxed because the task of shopping is finished. In this happy mood， the customer sees an attractive display of inexpensive goods that were not on her shopping list. Now she feels like buying something just for her own pleasure and enjoyment. Many customers buy from these displays of products near the check-out counter， and this is exactly what the owner of the supermarket hopes they will do.
Another important fact in helping a customer choose what to buy， is where a product is placed on a shelf. A product that is placed at eyelevel on a shelf sells much better than one which is placed on a lower or higher shelf. A product which is easy to see sells best. Manufacturers pay a higher price to have their products placed at eye level on the shelves.
The comfort and convenience of shopping centers is another factor which makes them popular with customers. Large parking spaces are provided， and many supermarkets stay open until very late at night.
1. According to the passage which statement is NOT true?
A) Today supermarkets are found in almost every big city.
B) The first supermarket was opened only half a century ago.
C) The first supermarket was opened in New York.
D) A supermarket is different from other kinds of stores in two ways
答案： D
解析： 细节题。根据第一段内容知道A、B和C都是正确的，另外第2段的第一句中several ways和下面文章的内容也都可以知道不仅仅是两个方式。
2. According to the passage which statement is true/
A) Supermarkets need more clerks than other stores.
B) In supermarkets goods are placed on closed shelves.
C) The customers prefer supermarkets to other kinds of stores.
D) The customers pay any clerk they meet for what they have bought in supermarkets
答案： C
解析： A 正好和作者的意思相反了，B也是，应该是opened才是正确的。D中不是直接向导购付费。
3. A product that is placed ___ sells best.
A) on a lower shelf B) on a higher shelf
C) as high as one‘s waist D) as high as one’s eyes
答案： D
解析： 细节题。文章中的A product that is placed at eyelevel on a shelf sells much better than one which is placed on a lower or higher shelf可以知道正确的答案，
4. Why do you think shopping centers attract more customers than other kinds of stores/
A) They have more kinds of goods.
B) They have few employees.
C) They display small inexpensive items in front of check-out counters.
D) They have large parking lots and they stay open until almost midnight.
答案： D
解析： 细节题。文章的最后一段是说明超市比较起其它的商店优点。也是受大家喜欢的原因。
5. According to the way small inexpensive items are displayed we can infer that the owner of a supermarket has a good knowledge of ___
A) physiology B) psychology C) biology D) biophysics
答案： B
解析： A是生理的意思，B是心理，C是生物D是生物物理原理，推论对消费者的促销只有依据消费者的心里才能做出正确的经营决策。 Passage 2：
Most of the ill health we suffer could be prevented if people made more effort to change their life styles. Instead， many people continue to smoke， to drink excessively to eat unbalanced diets. How can governments help people protect their health and avoid premature death?
Well， many of the measures which need not be expensive. One of the first preventive health measures should be an increase in taxes on tobacco to the point at which consumption falls off. The aim should be to raise the same amount of revenue from a decreasing number of people. In the short term such a policy could even raise extra money， which could then be spent on subsidizing sport so that advertising tobacco through sports sponsorship could be banned.
Legislation is badly needed to ban all advertising of tobacco products as it persuades people to smoke more and so is in a larger part responsible for the ill health and thousands of premature deaths caused by cancer of the lung. Other measures should be enforced， such as a much tougher health warning on cigarette packets， and tobacco companies should be made to contribute to research into a cure for lung cancer.
Alcoholism could be prevented by making wines， spirits and strong beers more expensive and the revenue raised could be used to set up clinics to help the people who already have a drinking problem and want to give up. Similarly all advertising of alcohol should be banned and compensation paid to families of alcoholics who die of the liver disease.
6. Among the following statements， which one is not the life style that people should make more effort to change in order to suffer less?
A) stop smoking B) drink less C) eat balanced food D) collect stamps