七年级英语下册复习资料

2.ving形式的构成

1)直接在动词原形末尾加-ing,如play-playing

2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ing,如have-having

3)以重读闭音节结尾的单词，结尾只有一个辅音字母，应双写这个字母，再加-ing。如，begin-beginning

注意：

1) 有些动词一般不用于现在进行时,如see,like,love, want,know等，而用一般现在时。如，Do you know him?你认识他吗?

2) 有些动词如come, go, arrive, leave, start, fly, drive,stay等表示位置转移的词，用现在进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作，如 We are going to Beijing on Friday.我们星期五要去北京。

3. 构词知识：

1) 名词后缀：-er,如，singer

-or,如 actor

-ing, 如 meeting

-tion 如 direction

2) 形容词后缀： -ful 如，beautiful

-ing 如，boring

-ous 如，dangerous

-ly 如， friendly

3)副词后缀：-ly 如，really

4)数词后缀：-teen 如，thirteen

-ty 如，thirty

-th 如，fourth

5)在国家名词后加-ian,-an, -n表示其国家的人。如，

Egypt埃及 Egyptian埃及人

Europe欧洲 European欧洲人

Canada加拿大 Canadian加拿大人

Italy意大利 Italian意大利人

Australia澳大利亚 Australian澳大利亚人

America美国 American美国人

6)在表示天气的名词后加-y如，wind-windy, fog-foggy,sun-sunny

4. Until的用法：

Until 和 till的意义相同，都有“直到”，“直到...才"，"在...以前不"的意思.它们的使用方法为：

1) 作介词: 作介词，后面通常接表时间的名词或短语.如We are back until/till3o’clock.三点种我们才回来.

2) 作连词：　作连词时，until和till引导时间状语从句.如 Go along this road until you see the park沿着这条路走，直到你看到公园为止。

【注意】1)以上的状语从句的例句都是从句在主句之后，如果把从句放在主句之前，那么，引导词用till.如Till you come back, I won’t leavehere.直到你回来我才回离开这。

3) 主句的动作是终止性的，要用not…until/till句型。

5.“违反规矩“的现在进行时态

1) 现在进行时比哦按时目前这一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。而说话时并不一定正在进行。如Is Tom working hard this term?汤姆这学期学习用功吗?

They are working on the farm these days.这些日子他们在农场劳动。

2) 表示往返或位置转移的动词，如come,go,leave, stay, start, arrive等构成的现在进行时，可表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作。这些动词还可以和表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow, next week, next year等连用。

They are leaving for Beijing tomorrow.明天他们要动身去北京。

4) 现在进行时与always, often等词相结合，也可表示习惯的，经常重复的动作。意思是“老是”，“总是”。此时常带有一定的感情色彩，如：埋怨，赞赏等。如

Mary is always talking about her son.玛利总是谈论她的儿子。

【注意】一些表示状态和意愿的动词，如be,like,want,know ,think,have等，不能用于现在进行时态中。如，I want to go home now.

6. 关于how 的用法

1) How作“(指程度)多少”“(方法)怎样”“多么”讲，为副词。

2) how 的感叹句的构成：How + 形容词+主语+be动词!

How+副词+主语+谓语动词!

3)how many 多少(对可数名词的数量提问，其后接名词复数)

How many days are there in a year?

4) how much 多少(钱)(对不可数名词的数量提问，其后接不可数名词)

How much water is there in the cup?

How much are these pants?

5) how often多久(对表示频度副词的时间状语提问)

How often do you go there? Once a month.

6)how old多大岁数(对年龄提问)

How old is your grandfather? He is sixty-five.

7)how soon多久(用于将来时)

How soon are you back? In a week.

◆unit10 Where did you go on vacation?

目标语言：Talk about past events

重点句型：Where did Tina go on vacation? She went to the mountains.

Where did he go on vacation? He stayed at home.

Did you go to Central Park? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t.

Did he go to Central Park? Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.

How was your vacation? It was pretty good.

How was the weather? It was hot and humid.

How were the people? They were unfriendly.

We had great fun playing in the water.

The shops were too crowded, so I didn’t really enjoyed it.

I found a little boy crying in the corner.

重点词组： stay at home, go to New York City, summer camp, go to the mountains, on vacation, Central Park, go to the movies,pretty good, bus trip, have fun doing, go shopping, in the corner, help sb, do sth, make sb. do sth. decide to do sth, discuss sth with sb, write a report on sth , be lost

知识点：

1.英语不规则动词变化( BookI – Book III)

A B C

hear heard heard

learn learnt learnt

have/has had had

leave left left

lend lent lent

lose lost lost

make made made

mean meant meant

send sent sent

spell spelt spelt

shoot shot shot

sit sat sat

smell smelt smelt

spend spent spent

spit spat spat

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

hang hung hung

hold held held

light lit lit

meet met met

find found found

feed fed fed

spit spat spat

bear bore born

win won won

build built built

babysit babysat babysat

flee fled fled

lead led led

mislead misled misled

bend bent bent

bleed bled bled

hold held held

smell smelt smelt

dig dug dug

deal dealt dealt

A B C

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

do/does did done

choose chose chosen

break broke broken

am/is was been

are were been

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

forget forgot forgotten

freeze froze frozen

get got gotten

go went gone

hide hid hidden

lie lay lain

mistake mistook mistaken

see saw seen

shake shook shaken

speak spoke spoken

steal stole stolen

take took taken

wake woke woken

wear wore worn

A A B

beat beat beaten

A B A

run ran run

come came come

become became become

A A A

A B

can could

may might

will would

shall should

A A

must must

不规则中寻规则：

a) 过去式与动词原形同形

cost cost cost

put put put

fit fit fit

cut cut cut

let let let

hurt hurt hurt

set set set

shut shut shut

read read read

hit hit hit

b)原形以ow/aw结尾，过去式则变成ew

grow grew grown

throw threw thrown

know knew known

draw drew drew

show showed shown

c)将动词原形中的元音字母i改成a,变成过去式。

swim swam swum

sink sank sunk

ring rang rung

give gave given

drink drank drunk

sing sang sung

begin began begun

【特例】win won won

d)过去式以ought或aught结尾

think thought thought

bring brought brought

buy bought bought

fight fought fought

catch caught caught

teach taught taught

【注意】上述动词过去式的末尾是ought还是aught，只要记住“有a则a,无a则o”,即原形中有a的，则变为aught，否则为ought.

e)将动词原形中的字母组合ee去掉一个，词尾加上t，变成过去式。

feel felt felt

sweep swept swept

sleep slept slept

keep kept kept

oversleep overslept overslept

f)将动词原形中的元音字母i改为o,变成过去式。

drive drove driven

ride rode ridden

write wrote written

rise rose risen

shine shone shone

g)以ay结尾的动词，将ay变成aid变成过去式

pay paid paid

say said said

lay laid laid

h)以一个辅音字母+ell结尾的动词，将ell改成old变成过去式

tell told told

Sell sold sold

2.一般过去时的用法

1)表示在过去某个时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday, last week, an hour ago, just now, in 1990等。

2)表示过去接连发生的一系列动作。They played soccer and then went home.

3)一般过去时动词的构成方法：

a) 一般情况下，动词原形后直接加-ed。如，play-played

b) 以e结尾的动词，直接加-d。 如，decide-decided

c) 重读闭音节+单个辅音字母结尾的动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed。如，stop-stopped

d) 结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed.如，study-studied

e) 有些动词变化不规则要特殊记忆。上面以给出。

4)一般过去时的句法功能

a) 肯定句：主语+一般过去时动词+其他We had Sichuan food for dinner.

b) 否定句：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他;主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他

I didn’t go to summer camp.

The shops weren’t too crowded.

c) 一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形+其他?;Was/Were+主语+其他?

Did they stay at home?

Was the bus trip relaxing?

d) 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般过去式?

Where did you go? Who was ill?

3.find的用法

1) find sb doing sth. 发现某人在做某事

I find him reading an interesting book.

2) find sb. to do sth 发现某人做某事

We found him to be a good student.

3) find sb+adj/prep-phrase/n发现某人怎么样或在某一种情况下

He found me a good student.

I found him at home.

4) find it+adj/n+to do sth发现做某事怎么样

He finds it important to learn English well.