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Unit 3 Computer 教学设计

Period 1: Warming up and reading

Teaching Aims

To talk about computer

To read about computer

Procedures

I. Warming up

Warming up by talking about computer

Look at the pictures on page 17. What are they? What do they have in common? Yes, they are computers. Then what is a computer?

A computer is a machine which stores knowledge in its memory and does calculations on that knowledge. This knowledge is stored in symbols; it is called data. A computer usually has a monitor to show results. However, some computers can speak; these computers can be used for voice mail.

计算机室

A computer frequently requires a boot device. The boot device contains the computer’s operating system and data. Computer programs can be installed onto a computer. Some people think that computers are less useful if they do not have access to the Internet. They think this because the Internet allows the computers to send and receive data and email across the world.

曙光3000巨型计算机

A computer is now almost always an electronic device. It usually contains materials which are toxic; these materials will become toxic waste when disposed of. When a new computer is purchased in some places, laws require that the cost of its waste management must also be paid for. This is called product stewardship.

In some countries old computers are recycled (melted down) to get gold and other metals. This is dangerous, because this procedure releases the toxic waste into the water and soil.

Computers become obsolete quickly. Very often they are given away and new ones replace them within two or three years. This makes the problem worse. Computer recycling is thus common. Many projects try to send working computers to developing nations so they can be re-used and will not become waste as quickly.

Computer jargon 计算机行话

Computer jargon means words to do with computers and surrounding topics. Knowing what these words mean can help you know more about computers. Some people use these words to impress other people (Also known as buzzwords).

Examples of jargon:

Bit - The smallest data unit, can either be a “0.” or a “1.”.

Byte - unit of data. See also Kilobyte, Megabyte, Gigabyte and Nibble

CPU –Central Processing Unit, Another name for processor

Data - Information stored on a computer

Disk - A place to store data.

Email - Electronic mail.

GHz - Gigahertz. Used often incorrectly to describe the speed of a processor. But with some 2.4 GHz processors faster than 3.6 GHz ones, it is clear that it is just a salesman trick.

Load - Get data from a disk

Nibble - Half a Byte

Save - Put data on a disk

RAM – random-access memory(随机存取存储器), the more the better.

USB - Universal Serial Bus(通用串行总线，一种简化了插接多种附件的薄型插座)

WWW - World Wide Web, part of the Internet

II. Pre-reading

1. Questioning and answering   What do you know about computer?

●Electronic machine capable of performing calculations and other manipulations of various types of data, under the control of a stored set of instructions. The machine itself is the hardware; the instructions are the program or software. Depending upon size, computers are called mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Microcomputers include desk-top and portable personal computers.

●A multi-function electronic device that can execute instructions to perform a task.

●A device that accepts information, processes it, and supplies an output. A computer usually contains memory, a control unit, arithmetic and logical units, and a means for input and output.

●a programmable hardware component that is controlled by internally stored programs and that can perform substantial computations (including arithmetic and logic operations) without human intervention. A computer typically consists of one or more processing units, memory units, and associated peripheral input and output devices.

●Related to automation and electronic data processing. The Library of Congress commonly classes most computer-related books in HF5548, QA75-76, Z52, T385, and some TK ranges.

●a machine for performing calculations automatically

calculator: an expert at calculation (or at operating calculating machines)

●A computer is a device or machine for making calculations or controlling operations that are expressible in numerical or logical terms. Computers are constructed from components that perform simple well-defined functions. The complex interactions of these components endow computers with the ability to process information. If correctly configured (usually by, programming) a computer can be made to represent some aspect of a problem or part of a system. If a computer configured in this way is give

2. Discussing and sharing   How have computers changed our lives?

Someday soon, if you haven’t already, you’re likely to plug into the computer network nation growing in our midst. Computer terminals, or small computers connected via modem (a modulator/demodulator circuit for encoding/decoding computer chatter) to ordinary telephone lines, should be as ubiquitous as the telephone itself. They’re a much more useful and humane tool than the phone, and with corporate America behind them the networks will be everywhere----changing our lives more than any technology since the automobile.

Joining a computer network is the same as joining a community. Small systems are like villages, where new members are formally welcomed. The larger networks, the Source and CompuServe, for example, are cities-anonymous, full of life and events, but difficult to fit into.

III. Reading

1. Listening and reading to the recording of the text WHO AM I?

Turn to page 18 and listen and read to the recording of the text. Pay attention to the pauses, pronunciation and intonation of the native reader.

2. Reading aloud and underlining expressions

Now we are to read the text once again and underline all the expressions in the text. Put them down into your notebook after class as homework.

Collocations from WHO AM I?

begin as…, a calculating machine, be built as…, at that time, a technological revolution, the start of artificial intelligence, write a book, be made to work, solve problems, from then on , grow any larger, As time went by, go back to…,be made smaller,  memory became so large, stand there by oneself, be connected by…, share knowledge with others through…, be put into…, provide humans with…, deal with…, truly filled with…

3. Reading, identifying and settling

Attention, please! It is time to skim the text one more time and identify the difficult sentences. Try analyzing the structures of the difficult sentences and discuss them among your group members. You may also put your questions to me for help.

Chat (online)(在线)聊天

To chat is to talk about ordinary things that are not very important. You can chat to one person or to many people. People also use this word now for parts of the Internet where we can talk with many different people at the same time. Usually, you chat on the internet in a chat room or messaging service like AOL(American On-Line) Instant Messenger (AIM), Yahoo Messenger, or MSN Messenger.

IV. Comprehending

1. Scan the text for information to complete the table below, describing the development of computer.

In 1642 The computer began as a calculating machine.

In 1822 The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage.

In 1936 The computer grew rapidly both in size and

in brainpower.

1940s The computer had grown as large as a room.

In 1960s The first family of computer was connected to each other.

In 1970s Computers were used in offices and homes.

Now Computers connect people all over the world

Together.

2. Read the text again and complete the chart below.

Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3

Topic sentence Over time I have

been changed quite

a lot. These changes only

became possible

as my memory

improved. Since the 1970s

many new applications

have been found for me.