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(一)代词概述

代词用来代替名词，在句中充当主语、宾语和表语，有时还可以充当定语。代词在考试命题中主要是代词格的变化、代词单复数形式以及不定代词和it的用法等。

(二)基本知识梳理

1.人称代词：主格作主语，宾格用作及物动词和介词的宾语。

He often helps me.

Who is atthe door?It's me.

The bicyclebelongs to Tom and me.

出现并列主语或宾语时，其排列顺序为：单数时是第二、第三、第一人称(简称231)即you，heandI或you，herandme;复数时是第一、第二、第三人称(简称123)即we，youandthey或us，youandthem。

2.物主代词：形容词性物主代词作定语，后加名词;而名词性物主代词等于形容词性物主代词加名词。如：This is my book.=This book is mine.

名词性物主代词可做主语、宾语和表语。如：

Your pen is blue.Mine is blue,too.

May I use your pen?I've lost mine.

She is a class mate of his.

The bike is hers.

3.反身代词：用作宾语和起强调作用。

1)作宾语

Help yourself to some cakes.

I can look at my selfin the mirror.

They should think more of the publichealth than them selves.

2)作强调

We do homework by ourselves.

I myself go to the air port to meet my uncle.

4.指示代词

1)this，that，these，those

What'sthis(that)?It'sabook.

Whatarethese(those)?Theyarebooks.

this和these比较靠近，that和those稍远一点。

2)it的用法

(1)指物：It's a robot.

(2)指自然现象：It's raining now,but it will be fine soon.

(3)指时间：What time is it?It's8o'clock.

(4)指距离：It's twentyminutes'walk.

(5)作形式主语：It's importantforustofightpollution.

It took mehalfanhourtofinishthework.

It'skindofyoutosayso.

(6)作形式宾语：Wethinkitnecessarytorelaxfromtimetotime.