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1、语态和时态

— Do you see those people on the little sandy island?

— Yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. I wonder why.

A. were waving B. waved

C. had waved D. have been waving

【正确答案】D

【高考考点】考查现在完成进行时。

【详细解析】这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的，然后一直在挥，一直挥到了说话的这个时候，所以我们用现在完成进行时强调一个动作的持续。A选项为过去进行时，B选项为一般过去时，C选项为过去完成时，这三个时态都是和过去有关，和现在无关。题干中出现last或者是last half hour，recent等这类词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时。故本题正确答案是D。

2、名词性从句

The information could be helpful to ____ will take over the job.

A. those B. who

C. whoever D. anyone

【正确答案】C

【高考考点】考查名词性从句。

【详细解析】名词性从句包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。此题考的就是介词to后的宾语从句，whoever在从句中作主语。A、D两个选项需要在后面加上who;B选项是who在名词性从句中表示疑问，e.g. Who will take over the job has not been decided yet. 故本题正确答案是C。

3、虚拟语气和情态动词

— David, we went to Lake Geneva for the weekend.

— That _______ a very nice change. I wish I had gone there.

A. must be B. must have been

C. could be D. could have been

【正确答案】B

【高考考点】考查情态动词。

【详细解析】must表推测，“肯定……”，must be表示对现在和将来事实的推测;must have been表示对过去事实的推测。这里表示一个肯定的推测，又因为是上个周末的事情，说明这件事情已经发生了，故选B;C选项could“可能”，表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的陈述看法，e.g. His story could be true, but I hardly think it is.他所说的这个故事可能是真的，但是我基本上不相信;D选项could have done是虚拟语气，表示“过去本能够做某事却未做”，e.g. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best.你原本是可以做的更好的，但是你并没有尽自己最大的努力。

4、代词

Knowledge begins to increase as soon as one individual communicates his ideas to _______ by means of speech.

A. other B. another

C. the other D. an other

【正确答案】B

【高考考点】考查代词。

【详细解析】other用作代词时，意为“另一个;其他的人(东西)”，不单独使用：the other，the others，others;another用作代词时，表示没有具体所指的“另外一个”。e.g. One person may like fishing, while another may prefer hunting.一个人可能是喜欢钓鱼，而另一个可能喜欢打猎;the other表示“两者中的另一个”，表示特指;D选项没有这种用法。故本题正确答案是B。

5、非谓语动词

Almost every one of the graduates wants to deliver the keynote speech at the graduation ceremony. For the speaker, _______ is an honour.

A. invited B. being invited

C. be invited D. inviting

【正确答案】B

【高考考点】考查非谓语动词。

【详细解析】A选项invited是过去分词不能充当主语;C选项be invited不是非谓语形式;D选项语态错误，应该用被动。故本题正确答案是B。遇到动词要考虑四点：① 先判断是谓语还是非谓语;② 主语;③ 主语和非谓语动词的主/被动关系;④ 非谓语动词与谓语动词的时间关系。e.g. Being exposed to the sun for too much time will do harm to one’s skin.在太阳下暴露太久对皮肤有害。e.g. The girl’s being educated in a good environment is what her parents have expected.这个女孩在一个良好的环境中受到教育是她父母所期望的。

6、定语从句

Today’s college is appropriate as a setting for a society _____ its members must acquire and manage knowledge from a wide variety of sources.

A. which B. so that

C. where D. of which

【正确答案】C

【高考考点】考查定语从句。