◇ 两个动词短语均可作“喜欢……而不喜欢……”或“宁愿……而不愿……”解,其后均可接名词。例如: I prefer volleyball to basketball(=I prefer to volleyball rather than basketball). 我喜欢排球而不喜欢篮球。
◇ 主要区别在于:prefer…to…之后接动词时,均用-ing形式。例如: He prefers walking to cycling. 他宁愿步行而不愿骑自行车。
◇ 而prefer to…rather than…之后接动词时,均要用动词原形。例如: Liu Hulan preferred to die rather than surrender before the enemy. 刘胡兰在敌人面前宁死不屈。 Xiao Wu prefers to work rather than sit idle. 小吴喜欢工作而不喜欢闲坐。
◆ prepare;prepare for;prepare…for;be prepared for;be(get)ready
◇ prepare sth.意为“准备某事”?强调准备的过程或动作,宾语必须是这一动作的直接承受者;另有“配置、调制”之意。
◇ prepare for意为“为……作准备”,for后面的宾语是准备的目的,即所要应付的情况。
◇ prepare sth.for意为“为……做好准备”。
◇ be prepared for强调准备好的状态。
◇ be(get)ready意为“准备好”,着重指准备的结果。be(get)ready to do还有“乐于干……”的意思。
[EXERCISES]
1.We ____ the mid-term examination.
2.Wheat can be ____ in many different ways.
3.The students ____ their lessons ____ the exam.
4.Can you ____ your future job?
5.He ____ always ____ to help others.
6.Miss Li said,“Everyone should ____ before class.”
7.Mother ____ lunch in the kitchen.
ANSWER: 1.are preparing for 2.prepared 3.are preparing…for 4.be prepared for
5.is…ready 6.be ready7.is preparing
◆ prize;medal
◇ prize是表示“奖品”或“奖(彩)金”之意。例如: Einstein won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921. 1921年,爱因斯坦获得了诺贝尔物理奖。 She took the first prize for her singing. 她获得了唱歌一等奖。
◇ 而medal是指“奖牌(章)”或“勋章”。例如: Carl Lew is won four gold medals. 卡尔?刘易斯夺得四块金牌。 A medal was given to the brave fighter. 勋章授给了那位英勇的战士。
◆ put; place; lay 三个词都能作“放”解,细微的差别在于:
◇ put常指把某物弄到某个地方,并把它留在那里。如:
Please put the umbrella behind the door.请把伞放在门后。
◇ place主要指把东西放在一定的位置上。如:
She placed the table in the middle of the room.她把桌子放在房间的中央。
◇ lay常指把某物平放在某处。如:
She laid the table for lunch.她摆好桌子准备吃饭。
*注意下面几个动词的词形、词性及意义的区别。如: ü lie (vi).-lied-lied-lying 撒谎。如:
He has lied since his childhood.他从小就一直撒谎。
ü lie(vi.) lay-lain-lying 躺;位于。如:
He lay on the floor, reading a book.他躺在地板上看书。
ü lay (vt.) laid-laid-laying 放;搁。如:
He laid the book on the table.他把书放在桌子上。
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