C

We regularly hear how important consumer spending is for the economy. The story goes like this：the more consumers spend，the more money circulates in the economy, which contributes to healthy job growth and profits. Keynes, a British economist，went as far as to say that individuals saving their money may actually be hurting the economy. Sounds troubling, doesn’t it?

Fear not. You aren’t actually hurting anyone else by saving money. Strong economic growth only comes from one place：savings. Not consumption. In fact，economic activity should not be mistaken for economic growth. For example，somebody takes their money, walks into a store, and purchases goods. The store increases its revenue.

But what happens to all of those goods and services that people have chosen not to consume by saving their money? Simple：Other people are allowed to consume them. Think of it this way：When you lend out your savings, you are actually saying，“Here, I am not going to consume right now, so why don’t you?” Banks simply play the middleman：they collect lots of people’s savings and then lend out lots of funds.

It takes an unbelievable amount of goods and services to construct a building. It takes food, shelter, and entertainment for all of the workers, as well. Without savings，it is quite impossible to finance such a construction. The coordination(协调)between savings and consumption is a necessary basis for sound economic growth. This coordination is also why consumer lending (say , to borrow a big sum of money to buy a car) is not productive，in a strict sense. It doesn’t increase the net (净的) amount of wealth of an economy. Those savings could have been used to construct, say, factory equipment.

None of this means consumption and spending are “bad” things. They simply do not make us wealthier. After all, the final goal of production and savings is to consume. But to say that consumption is the engine of economic growth is to put the cart before the horse. Or, to rephrase: the consumption of wealth can never make you wealthier. Happier, perhaps. Wealthier, no.

64. What is the author’s attitude towards Keynes’ theory?

A. Approving. B. Reserved(矜持的).

C. Uncertain. D. Critical.

65. The underlined word “revenue” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to‘‘_________”.

A. cost B. reputation C. interest D. income

66. According to the author, which chart could show the effect of savings on economy?

67. What would be the best title for this passage?

A. The Saving Behavior of the Economy

B. Consumption：a Key Concept in Economy

C. Consumer Spending and Economic Growth

D. The Truth about Savings and Consumption

D

Café en Seine

The wildly luxury (奢华) new art style of this huge bar has been a huge hit since it first opened in 1995, and while it may not be the “in” place it once was, it is still very popular with the after-work crowd and out-of-towners. Maybe it’s the glass frames, or the real 12m-high trees; but most likely it’s the beautiful people supporting the wood-and-marble bar.

Good for: decoration, cocktails, amazing food and service

Address: 40 Dawson St

Transport: all city centre

Phone: 01 677 4369 Gravediggers (aka Kavanagh’s)

The gravediggers from the neighboring Glasnevin Cemetery had a secret serving hatch (舱口) so that they could drink on the job – therefore the pub’s nickname. Founded in 1833 by one John Kavanagh and still in the family, this pub is one of the best in Ireland, almost unchanged in 150 years. In summer time the green of the square is full of drinkers bathing in the sun, while inside the hardened locals ensure that never a hint of sunshine disturbs some of the best Guinness in town. An absolute classic.

Good for: Guinness, traditional pub, pub food

Address: 1 Prospect Sq Glasnevin

Transport: 13 from city centre

Phone: 830 7978

Davy Byrne’s

James Joyce, an Irish author and a poet (1882-1941), would hardly recognize the bar that Leopold Bloom rushed into for a gorgonzola sandwich and a glass of wine in Ulysses. It doesn’t stop Davy Byrne’s from making the most of its Joyce’s connections, even though today's version is strictly for out-of-towners and the rugby crowd.

Good for: socializing with the locals, tasty Irish food, watching TV

Address: 21 Duke St

Transport: all city centre

Website: www.davybyrnes.com

Phone: 01 677 5217

68. People choose Café en Seine most probably because they enjoy _____as well as its cocktails and service

A. its location B. its history C. its decoration D. its environment

69. “Guinness” in Gravediggers probably refers to ________.

A. a kind of tea B. a kind of beer

C. the name of the boss D. the name of the town

70. We can infer that Davy Byrne’s is ________.

A. a newly-opened bar B. an old-fashioned bar

C. a bar with a long history D. a bar popular with foreigners

71. What do Café en Seine and Davy Byrne’s have in common?

A. Their represent the same architecture style.

B. They give the same description about transport.

C. They both serve cocktails and tasty Irish food

D. They are both popular with the rugby crowd.