编辑:
2015-10-22
B
Today, the world is rapidly urbanizing.With half of the world population expected to live in cities by the early part of the 21st century, the Shanghai 2010 World Expo's focus on a better city bears profound meaning.
What might future cities look like 28 years from now? Here are some scenarios: things to come, things to go.
Zero waste
Waste disposal is one of the biggest headaches for cities.Apart from recyclable waste, everything is buried or incinerated, only to pollute the environment.Plastic waste remains underground for several decades.The world produces much more garbage that it can dispose of.
Now at the Expo, all waste is delivered to a compression station where the waste is sorted, filtered, decontaminated, deodorized and compressed before finally being disposed of at designated spots.In Beijing, people living in the Asuwei area turn their household waste into organic fertilizers which are used to grow plants at residence communities.
No more transportation problems during Spring Festival
The Spring Festival, the most important Chinese holiday when everyone returns home, has caused headaches for millions of Chinese.More than 2 billion people travel at the same time, making obtaining travel tickets and the journey difficult.
But in 28 years.Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all.China plans to have more than 120,000 kilometers of railway and a rapid transportation network that will serve 90 percent of the population by 2020.And because most of China will be cities, people will not have to go to other places to find a job, so migration will no longer be so large-scale.
Newspapers to disappear
American scholar Philip Meyer predicts that newspaper will come to an end in 2043.Utagawa Reizou, former editor-in-chief of The Mainichi Daily News.believes that the newspaper will be gone in 2030. This kind of prediction may worry those in print news business.In the U.K., the circulations of national newspapers are declining.Major Japanese newspapers have gone into debt.In the U.S., declining
circulations and ad revenues have forced several newspapers to stop printing paper editions.
Media tycoon Rupert Murdoch thinks the future of media relies on interaction through the Internet.In the future, digital newspapers will be sent to portal web terminals through wirelessly.Readers can discuss issues with journalists and editors.Information will move faster.
Oil to run out
In August 2009, Fatih Birol, chief economist of the International Energy Agency, said that oil is running out faster than expected and that the world will likely feel the tightness in supply in the next five years. Scientists have found substitutes for oil as fuel.Coal.natural gas.solar power, nuclear power and even water can replace oil as sources of energy.Flammable ice reserves alone can support humans for the next 1,000 years.
60.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Everything buried or incinerated, besides recyclable waste, pollutes the environment.
B.People deal with their household waste in an environmental-friendly way in the Asuwei area, Beijing.
C.More than 2 billion people suffer from headaches during the Spring Festival in China.
D.By 2020,90 percent of the population will have to go to other places to find a job.
61.According to the American predictor Philip Meyer, what will happen in 2043?
A.Newspaper will disappear.
B.Japan has to stop printing newspaper.
C.Digital newspaper will be sent to portal web terminals.
D.Information will move faster.
62._____ can replace oil as sources of energy in the future.
A.Coal and natural gas B.Solar power and nuclear power
C.Water and flammable ice reserves D.All the above
63.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.The Shanghai 2010 World Expo B.What will city life be like in 28 years
C.A rapidly urbanizing world D.Things to come, things to go
C
Below is adapted from an English dictionary
figure/fīg ə / noun, verb
●noun 1.[C, often pl.] a number representing particular amount, especially one given in official information: the trade /sales figures
2.[C] a symbol rather than a word representing one of the numbers between 0 and 9: a six-figure salary 3.[pl] (informal) the area of mathematics that deals with adding, multiplying, etc 4.a person of the type mentioned: Gandhi was both a political and a religious figure in Indian history.5.the shape of a person seen from a distance or not clearly 6.a person or an animal as shown in art or a story: a wall with five carved figures in it 7.[C] the human shape, considered from the point of view of being attractively thin: doing exercise to improve one’s figure 8.[C] a pattern or series of movements performed on ice: figure-skating [IDM] be/become a figure of fun: be/become sb.that others laugh at cut a…figure: (of a person) to have a particular appearance He cut a striking figure in his dinner jacket.put a figure on sth.: to say the exact price or number of sth. s a fine figure of man/woman: a tall, strong-looking and well-shaped person
figure of speech: a word or phrase used in a different way from its usual meanings in order to create a particular mental image or effect figurehead: someone who is the head or chief in name only (with no real power or authority) ●verb 1.to think or decide that sth.will happen or is true: I figured that if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.2.to be part of a process, situation, etc.especially an important part: My opinion of the matter didn’t seem to figure at all.3.to calculate an amount or the cost of sth.: We figured that attendance at 150,000.[PHRV] 1.figure in: to include (in a sum): Have you figured in the cost of hotel? 2.figure on: to plan on; to expect sth.to happen: I haven’t figured on his getting home too late.3.figure out: to work out; understand by thinking: Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? [IDM] It/That figures! (informal): That seems reasonable, logical and what I expect.
64.I didn’t really mean my partner is a snake; it was just a ______.
A.figure of eight B.figure head
C.figure of speech D.a fine figure
65.—She was coming late again.
—______! That’s typical of her.
A.It figures her out B.It figures
C.It cuts a poor figure D.She is a figure of fun
66.What does “watch my figure” in the sentence “Don’t tempt me with chocolate; I am watching my figure.” mean?
A.add the numbers B.have sports
C.try not to get fat D.watch games
D
Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems.While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves.University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.
“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with high energy density(密度)”,said Jae Kwon, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU.“The radioisotope(放射性同位素) battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”
Kwon and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, presently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro / nanoelectromechanical systems (M/NEMS).Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.
“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said, “However, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”
His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor(半导体).Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.
“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure(晶体结构) of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said, “By using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”
Together with J.David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery.In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials.Kwon said that battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.
67.Jae Kwon gave examples in Paragraph 4_________.
A.to show chemical batteries are widely applied.
B.to introduce nuclear batteries can be safely used.
C.to describe a nuclear-powered system.
D.to introduce various energy sources.
68.Liquid semiconductor is used to _________.
A.get rid of the radioactive waste B.test the power of nuclear batteries.
C. decrease the size of nuclear batteries D. reduce the damage to lattice structure.
69.According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery _______.
A.uses a solid semiconductor B.will soon replace the present ones.
C.could be extremely thin D.has passed the final test.
70.The text is most probably a ________.
A.science news report B.book review
C.newspaper ad D.science fiction
第四部分: 任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题l分,满分10分)
请认真阅读下列短文,根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 注意:请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填1个单词。
Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable (可降解的), so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tons of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a good performance since the world-wide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time , the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that has paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.
Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example stationary may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to be support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants(污染物),string and other items.
The four most common sources of paper for recycling are factories and retail stores which gather larger amounts of packaging material in which goods are delivered, also offices which have unwanted business documents and computer output, paper converters and printers and lastly households which discard newspapers and packaging material.
Once collected, the paper has to be sorted by hand by people trained to recognize various types of paper. The sorted paper then has to be repulped(再打浆)or mixed with water and broken down into its individual fibres. This mixture is called stock and may contain a wide variety of contaminating materials, particularly if it is made from mixed waste paper which has had little sorting. Various machinery is used to remove other materials from the stock. After passing through the repulping process, the fibres from printed waste paper are grey in color because the printing ink has soaked into individual fibres. This recycled material can only be used in products where the grey color does not matter, such as cardboard boxes but if the grey color is not acceptable, the fibres must be de-inked. This involves adding chemicals , water-hardening agents , frothing agents and bleaching agents. Before the recycled fibres can be made into paper they must be refined or treated in such a way that they bond together.
Paper Recycling
(71) ▲ of paper being sustainable and biodegradable
Collections of waste paper from factories, retail stores and (72) ▲
Contributions needed in
(73) ▲ paper ◇the governments encouraging (74) ▲ and sorting waste paper
◇the industry taking (75) ▲ to develop new recycling technologies
◇the (76) ▲ accepting a change in quality of paper products and supporting the waste paper collection
(77) ▲ of paper recycling The paper is (78) ▲ and repulped by (79) ▲ water.
(80) ▲ are added in order to make white.
The fibres are then refined.
第五部分:书面表达(满分25分}
下图叙述了我和父亲散步时所发生的事情。请根据下面6幅图,用英语写一篇题为An Accident的短文。
短文必须包括以下内容:
1. 图中讲述了一个什么故事?
2. 女孩的言行说明了什么问题?
3. 你对此事有什么感想?
注意:1. 对于图中所发生的事情可以适当发挥想象,增加有关细节,但必须合理;
2. 单词数:150左右,标题已经给出,不计入总词数。
**************************************************************************
An Accident
参考答案
Ⅰ.听力(每小题1分; 满分20分):
1—5 ACBBC 6—10 ABCAC 11—15 BCBAA 16—20 BCCAB
Ⅱ.单项选择(每小题1分; 满分15分):
21 — 25 CBBCB 26—30 CCBCD 31 — 35 CABCA
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分; 满分20分):
35—40 CABBD 41—45 ACBDC 46—50 CADAB 51—55CDABD
Ⅳ.阅读理解(每小题2分; 满分30分):
56—60BBABB 61—665ADBCB 66 — 70 CBDCA
Ⅴ.任务型阅读(每小题1分,满分10分):
71. Advantages 72. offices 73. Recycling 74. collecting 75. responsibility
76. community 77. Process 78. sorted 79.adding 80. Chemicals
Ⅵ.书面表达:
One possible version:
An Accident
One day, Daddy and I were taking a walk by the lake when a girl rode past at a very high speed. Then suddenly we heard a frightened scream followed by a big noise of something dropping into the water. We turned and found the girl struggling in the lake, crying for help. Daddy and I ran quickly towards her and pulled her out. We also managed to get her bike out. Almost immediately, the girl rode away even without saying “Thanks” . I felt quite disappointed at her behaviour .
We don’t help others for “thanks” , but nowadays many young people don’t know how to be polite . What a pity it is for our society and for our civilization! At the same time , I remembered stories where people offered their hand but were later accused of causing the accidents. How lucky we were! After all, we escaped being included in such stories .
(157 words)
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