科目 英语

年级 高二

文件 high2 unit18.1.doc

标题 Mainly Revision ( 阶段复习 )

章节 第十八单元

关键词 高二英语第十八单元

内容

【抛砖引玉】

在本单元，同学们通过阅读课文“We’ve Lost Our Dad !”和“Tell Him What you think of him !”，可以培养自己独立生活的能力和诚实的品德，克服粗心大意的毛病，同时还可以了解英语的幽默感。

单元双基学习目标

Ⅰ.词汇学习

四会单词和词组：fly ( n .) , in order that , shout at , get in touch with , in common , turn up , rude , on one’s own , by accident , cigar , announcement , truth , book (v .) , charge , stupid , permit , prison , couple , district

三会单词和词组：waiter , lay the table , track , extremely , determine , carriage , absence , rush hour , brake , cyclist

Ⅱ. 交际英语

Expressing Feelings ( 表达感情 )

Some useful expressions：

A . Expressing anxiety

1 . What's wrong ? / What's the matter ( with you ) ? / Is there anything the matter ?

2 . Oh , what shall I / we do ?

3 . We were all anxious about…

B . Expressing surprise

1 . Really ? / Oh dear ? / Is that so ? / Good heavens !

2 . I can hardly believe my ears .

3 . My Goodness ! / Goodness !

C . Expressing pleasure

1 . I'm glad / pleased / happy to…

2 . That's nice / wonderful / great .

3 . Hopefully tomorrow will turn fine .

交际示范：

1) Expressing anxiety 表示焦虑

A : You seem to be worried about something . What's the matter ?

B : It's about Peter .

A : What's the matter with him ?

B : You know , we are supposed to ( 应该 ) do the work today , but he still hasn't got everything ready . And this is not the first time . How can we get things done if everyone works that way ?

A : I understand how you feel . I'll speak to him about it at once .

2) Expressing surprise 表示惊奇

A：Oh , dear ! What's the matter with you , young man ? You almost ride over me !

B : I'm very sorry , madam . I really didn't see you . Are you hurt ?

A : Well , thank Goodness , I'm not hurt .

B : Is that so ( Really ) ?

A : Yes . Good heavens ! Look at my new dress ! Today is my first wear .

B : I beg your pardon , madam .

A : For God's sake ( 看在上帝份上 ) , I'll let you pass . But do be careful next time ! It's really dangerous to ride so fast in the street .

3) Expressing pleasure 表示喜悦

A : What a nice dress ! Mary , you look beautiful today .

B : It's very kind of you to say so . You look beautiful , too ! Where did you get your lovely new hat ?

A : It's a birthday present from my sister .

B : Your sister has a very good taste ( 你姐姐真有眼力 ) . The hat is really beautiful .

A : Thank you for your compliments ( 夸奖 ) .

Ⅲ. 语法重点

学习not … until / till和复习句子的省略。特别要真正掌握not until型的强调表达和倒装表达。

【指点迷津】

not…until ( till ) 的四种句型

如果主句谓语动词是持续性动词，则主句常用肯定式，表示“直到……为止”，即：主句 ( 用肯定式 ) + until ( till ) 时间状语或状语从句。例如：

I worked until ( till ) he came back . 我工作到他回来为止。

I watched TV until ( till ) 10 o'clock . 我看电视一直到10点钟。

如果主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词，则主句必须用否定式，译为“直到……才”，即：主句 ( 用否定式 ) + until ( till ) 时间状语或状语从句。例如：

I didn't go to bed until ( till ) he came back . 直到他回来我才睡觉。

I didn't go to bed until ( till ) 10 o'clock last night . 昨晚我直到10点钟才睡觉。

注意：用在句首时，一般只用 until 而不能用 till。例如：

Until I finished my homework , I didn't go to bed . 直到做完家庭作业 我才睡觉。

Not + until 时间状语或状语从句 + 助动词 ( 常用 did ) + 主语 + 动词原形 ( 注：not 放在句首，故用部分倒装 ) 译为：“直到……才”。可以简化成：Not until…did + 主语。例如：

Not until I finished my homework did I go to bed last night .

I didn't go to bed until ( till ) 10 o'clock last night . 昨晚我直到10点钟才睡觉。

注意：用在句首时，一般只用 until 而不能用 till。例如：

Until I finished my homework , I didn't go to bed . 直到做完家庭作业 我才睡觉。

Not + until 时间状语或状语从句 + 助动词 ( 常用 did ) + 主语 + 动词原形 ( 注：not 放在句首，故用部分倒装 ) 译为：“直到……才”。可以简化成：Not until…did + 主语。

Not until I finished my homework did I go to bed last night . 昨晚直到做完家庭作业 我才睡觉。

Not until last week did he realize he was wrong . 直到上星期他才认识到他是错误的。

It was not + until 时间状语或状语从句 + that + 主句

( 注：此句型实际上是强调 not until 状语或状语从句。同学们应该记住：无论是强调时间、地点或原因状语，一般只用 that。这一点与定语从句不同，且此句型是陈述句语序，不用倒装。 ) 可以简化成句型：It was not until… + that . 例如：

It was not until I finished my homework that I went to bed . 是在做完作业 之后我才去睡觉的。

It was not until last week that he realized he was wrong . 一直到上个星期他才认识到他是错误的。

【针对练习】

1 . It was not ____ she took off her glasses ____ I realized she was a famous film star .

A . when ; that B . until ; that C . until ; when D . when ; then

2 . Not until the early years of 19th century ____ what heat is .

A . man did know B . man knew C . didn't man know D . did man know

3 . Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted .

A . didn't I realize B . did I realize C . I didn't realize D . I realized

4 . Not until all the fish died in the river _____ how serious the pollution was .

A . did the villagers realize B . the villagers realized

C . the villagers did realize D . didn't the villagers realize

5 . It was not until 1920 ____ regular radio broadcast began .

A . while B . which C . that D . since

答案：BDBAC

二、学海导航

【学法指要】

单元重点词汇点拨

1.fly苍蝇

This kind of disease is caused by flies .

〖点拨〗fly作动词的常见搭配有：fly nonstop from Shanghai to New York从上海直飞纽约。fly a kite放风筝。fly from从……逃亡。fly at攻击(不用被动语态)。let fly (at) 射击

2. absence不在;缺席

His absence from school was caused by illness . 他缺课是因为生病。

〖点拨〗absence为不可数名词，但是，在表达“一次缺席或者不在”时是可数名词。如：He made up a wonderful story to explain his several absences .

He returned after an absence of twenty minutes .

注意：absence的形容词是absent 。常见搭配有：during one’s absence某人不在时。be absent from school ( work , home ) 没上学(不上班，不在家)。

3. truth真相;实际情况

The whole truth has come out . 真相已水落石出。

〖点拨〗truth to tell you =to tell (you ) the truth说真的。这是个固定词组，在句中作状语。如：To tell you the truth , he stole books from the bookstore .

4. charge费用;价钱;索价

What are your charges for the room ? 住房费是多少 ?

The exhibition is open to the public without charge .

〖点拨〗charge sb + 钱 + for sth因……收费……。How much do you charge for …? ……多少钱 ?如：The hotel charged me 50 yuan for a room for the night .

How much do you charge for a haircut ?

5. determine决定;决心

We determine to buy a computer .

〖点拨〗be determined to do =make up one’s mind to do下决心干…… 。

6. permit许可;执照;营业证;允许

You can’t enter the research center without a permit .

〖点拨〗permit sb to do允许某人干……。permit doing允许干……。如：

We don’t permit smoking here .

注意：permit常用在独立主格结构中。如：Time permitting , we’ll have a meeting this evening . =If time permits , …

另外，注意permit的现在分词、过去式和过去分词要双写词尾：permitting , permitted 。

7. prison监狱

She was sentenced to two years in prison . 她被判两年徒刑。

〖点拨〗注意，当prison表示蹲监狱时，其前不用冠词。如：go to prison进监狱。be in prison住监狱。 break prison越狱。

〖误〗She has gone to prison for five months .

〖对〗She has been in prison for five months .

She went to prison five months ago .

8. couple夫妇;一对

They are a newly married couple .

〖点拨〗couple (侧重种类不同) ， 而 pair侧重一套和配对性。the couple作主语时其后的谓语可以用单数，这时把它看成一个整体。另外，a couple of可以表示“几个”。如：

The young couple seems / seem excited .

They keep / raise a couple of dogs . 他们养了几只狗。

单元词组思维运用

1. treat … as , consider … as , regard … as , look on / upon …as , take …as , think of…as 把……当作。如：

She looked on him as her best friend .

2. How did you find …?= What do you think of … ?你认为……怎么样 ?/你是如何发现的 ?

3. come back , be back , go back , get back回;归

He’ll go back after dinner .

4. on one’s own独自、靠自己。of one’s own属于自己的。如：

Can you carry your luggage on your own ?

I’d like to have a room of my own .

5. be angry about / at sth对某事生气。be angry with sb 。(be有时换作 get )

6. this way这边走;这般;如此

She always works (in) this way .

Will you please come this way ?

7. lay / set the table摆桌子(准备吃饭)

8. by accident= by chance 意外地;偶然地

9. on vacation度假

“度假”还可以用：on holiday , have a vacation , have a holiday , take a vacation / holiday , on leave 。

10. from side to side左右。side by side肩并肩。from all sides从四面八方。

11. in common共用;有共同之处

They have a lot in common .

Has a balloon anything in common with a plane ?

In common with many young people , he prefers popular music .

12. get in touch with和……联系

They promised to get in touch again with each other when they both returned to the States .

注意：lose touch with和……失去联系。keep in touch with和……保持联系。keep in close touch with和……保持密切的联系。

13. for oneself自己亲自干…… ;为自己

He opened the window to see for himself .

by oneself独自地，of oneself自动地，in oneself本来;原来，to oneself专用。如：He has a room to himself .

14. or rather更确切地说

They knew , or rather thought that their father was on the same train .

We got home late last night , or rather , early this morning .

15. be up to sth在做某事;有能力做

What is he up to now ? =What is he busy in doing ?

He was not up to the work that had been given him .

注意：be up to sb由某人干……

It’s up to me to help you .

16. take time over sth花时间干……

Two hours is a long time to take over a coffee .

I usually take about half an hour over my breakfast .

How long are you going to take over the meeting ?

17. on one’s own独自;靠自己的力量

You have to make a decision on your own .

18. have a telephone message from从……接到一个电话通知

19. be to do准备干……

Who is to speak at the meeting ?

20. book … for订……

You have to book three seats for your journey .

21. put the charge on the bill把费用记在……的帐上

Please put the charge for electricity on my bill .

22. turn up出现;到场;露面;开大

She didn’t turn yesterday .

23. in public公开地;在大庭广众之下

注意在public前没有冠词。

24. in the rush hour在上下班高峰的时间

25. in the other direction在对面方向

注意：in the direction of朝……方向去。in the wrong direction , in the opposite direction , in all directions , in every direction 。

26. be determined to do决心干 ……

27. lay down放下

28. a danger to对……是危险的

Smoking is a danger to health .

29. be in time for及时地赶上

Do you think we can get there in time for the film ?

30. in surprise吃惊地

31. in silence默默地;沉默不语地

32. do the talking讲讲话

Last time we met I did most of the talking . 上次我们见面时，我说的最多。

33. take the lift (up) to乘电梯到……

Shall we take the lift up to the third floor ?

单元难点疑点思路明晰