例句探源

①(牛津P10)The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.去那农舍的唯一通路是穿过田野。

②Students must have access to good resources.

学生必须有机会使用好的资源。

③(朗文P11)Healthcare should be made accessible to everyone.应该让每个人都能获得医疗保健。

13.(2009年高考浙江卷)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________ to the digital resources of the library.

A.access　　　　　　　　 B.passage

C.way D.approach

解析：选A。考查名词辨析。句意：设计这个系统是为了让学生能便捷、容易地使用图书馆的电子资源。这里give...access to...是固定词组，表示“使……能得到，能进入”，所以选A。

14.(2009年高考江西卷)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ________ to the kids.

A.accessible B.relative

C.acceptable D.sensitive

解析：选A。考查形容词辨析。句意：Frank把药放在顶层抽屉中，以确保孩子们够不到。accessible表示“可以得到的，可以接近的”，通常与to搭配。后三项分别表示“相关的”“可接受的”“敏感的”。

7. symbol　n.　符号，象征

(回归课本P38)The character ‘prisoner’was formed with the symbol for a man inside a square.

“囚”这个汉字就是将表达“人”的这个符号放在一个方格中所形成的。

归纳拓展

例句探源

①(朗文P2090)A hammer is often used in art as a symbol of authority.在艺术里，锤子经常被用作权威的象征。

②(牛津P2048)What’s the chemical symbol for copper?

铜的化学符号是什么?

易混辨析

symbol，sign，mark，signal

(1)symbol“象征，符号”，指被人们选出的物体或图案，用来代表另一事物，作为该事物的象征。

(2)sign“符号，标记”，指具体的用于识别或指示的标志，如指标牌，卡片等。借喻时指“征兆，迹象”。

(3)mark“标志，标记”，指事物留下的深刻印迹或某物上用于辨别该物品的附属物。

(4)signal“信号”，常指约定俗成，用于传达某些信息的信号，也指灯光，声音或信号标志。

15.用symbol，sign，mark和signal填空：

(1)George was responsible for the accident because he didn’t give a ________ to other drivers.

答案：signal

(2)In the picture the tree is the ________ of life and the snake is the symbol of evil.

答案：symbol

(3)Sir，you are not to walk your pet on the lawn.Don’t you see the ________：“Keep off the grass”?

答案：sign

(4)One ________ of a writer’s greatness is that different minds can get a different inspiration from his works.

答案：mark

(5)A red light is a ________ of danger，which is even known to a five?year?old child.

答案：signal

8. spread　vt.　传播，散布，撒;铺开，展开;涂，抹

n.　传播，散布;涉及区域，活动范围

vi.　(消息、谣言、知识等)传播，传开;(大火、冲突、疾病等)蔓延、传染(开来);伸展;延伸

(回归课本P29)Today，the spread of borrowed words’ is due to easily accessed television and radio programmes from across the world，and the Internet.

今天，世界各地都可以方便地收看收听电视、广播节目，还有因特网的普及，使得外来词广为传播。

归纳拓展

spread out 散开;伸展，延伸

spread over 遍布在

spread to 传到，波及

spread oneself out 舒展四肢(躺下)

be spread for 摆好(桌子)准备

spread A on/ over B 在B上涂抹A,=spread B with A 用A涂抹B

例句探源

①(朗文P1989)She spread the pages of the letter on the table.

她把那几页信摊开放在桌子上。

②(牛津P1948)There’s more room to spread out in first class.

头等舱宽敞些，伸得开腿。

③Small clever animals，now with hands and feet，appeared and spread all over the earth.

一些小巧聪明、长着手脚的动物出现了，它们分布在地球的各个地方。

④The desert spreads for hundreds of miles.

沙漠绵延数百英里。

易混辨析

extend，spread，stretch，expand

(1)extend“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长。

(2)spread“伸开，传播”，一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)等。

(3)stretch“伸展，拉长”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。

(4)expand“展开、扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。

①Metals expand when they are heated and contract when cooled.

②The road extends to the port.

③Flies，mosquitoes and mice spread diseases.

④She stretched across the table for the butter.

16.英译汉：

(1)Water began to spread across the floor.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：水开始漫过地板。

(2)A smile spread slowly across her face.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：微笑慢慢在她脸上绽开。

(3)We have 10,000 members spread all over the country.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：我们有一万名成员分布在全国各地。

(4)The disease spreads easily.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：这种疾病容易传播。

(5)She spread her arms and the child ran towards her.

________________________________________________________________________

答案：她张开双臂，孩子向她跑来。

9. pick up　拾起，捡起;认出，挑出

(回归课本P22)This is because many pairs of words and phrases have similar meanings in English，for example，pick up and lift up.

这是因为在英语里许多对词汇和短语有相似的意义，例如“pick up”和“lift up”。

归纳拓展

例句探源

①(牛津P1492)She went over to the crying child and picked her up.她走到啼哭的孩子身边，把她抱了起来。

②(朗文P1535)Luckily，Maggie was able to pick up where she left off at work，even though she’d been in the hospital for two months.

幸运的是尽管玛吉住了两个月院，她仍能拾起放下的工作。

③I’ll drive over and pick you up at the weekend.

我周末开车过去接你。

④You’ll soon pick up health when you get to the seaside.

到了海滨，你就会很快地恢复健康。

⑤The train picked up speed.火车加快了速度。

⑥But her writing experience was something she picked up by herself.但她的写作经验是她无意间培养的。

⑦My radio can pick up BBC very clearly.

我的收音机能清楚地收听到BBC。

★17.(2010年高考山东卷)Sam ________ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.

A.brought up　　　　　　 B.looked up

C.picked up D.set up

解析：选C。由语意可知，Sam是在看别人用电脑的时候，无意间获得了一些电脑知识。表示偶然学到的技能或知识，要用pick up。bring up提出，养育;look up查阅;set up树立，建立。

★18.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly ________ my friend.

A.turn out B.bring out

C.call out D.pick out

解析：选D。考查短语辨析。turn out后来是，结果是;bring out使表现出，使显出，阐明，生产，出版等;call out要求某人来，召唤出动(尤指处理紧急情况);pick out认出(某人)，精心选择(某物)。

19.(2010年安徽“江南十校”联考)While large numbers of residents in this area ________ the H1N1 flu，very few suffered death.

A.picked up B.took up

C.brought up D.caught up

解析：选A。考查词组辨析。pick up表示“搭乘，接某人，感染”;take up表示“从事，占据”;bring up表示“抚养，养育”;catch up则表示“赶上”。

20.You’d better fly somewhere in the west.Then you can ________ a rental car and travel around.

A.take up B.get up

C.pick up D.turn up

解析：选C。考查动词词组辨析。take up“拿起，占据”;get up“起床”;pick up“捡起，学会，搭载”;turn up“出现，开大，扭亮(灯等)”。句意：你最好乘飞机去西部，然后，租一辆汽车四处观光。只有pick up符合语境。

10. contribute to

(回归课本P22)Many factors contributed to the development of this new type of English.

很多因素使得英语发展成这种新的类型。

归纳拓展

例句探源

①(牛津P433)We contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund.

我们向地震基金捐赠了5000英磅。

②(朗文P437)Yellow fever contributed to Mudd’s early death at age 19.黄热病导致马德19岁便早早去世。

③He contributed an article to China Daily.

他为《中国日报》撰写了一篇文章。

★21.Some blood types are quite common，others are regionally ________，and still others are rare everywhere.

A.distributed　　　　　　　B.contributed

C.obtained D.convinced

解析：选A。句意：一些血型很普遍，另外一些只分布在局部地区，另外还有一些哪儿都很罕见。distribute“分散，分布”;contribute“贡献，投稿”;obtain“得到”;convince“使确信，使信服”。

★22.(2011年江苏启东中学预测题)Even some of the casual garments we wear have brand names ________them which turn us ________walking advertisements.

A.attached to;into

B.attaching to;to

C.appealed to;into

D.contributed to;to

解析：选A。attach to 贴在……上;appeal to 吸引;contribute to 捐赠，是……的原因。根据题意可知，应该用attach to，而attach to 和brand names 之间是动宾关系，因此要用过去分词(这里的过去分词短语attached to them 作names 的定语)。因此答案是A。

23.完成句子

(1)良好的天气促成了那次航行的成功。

The fair weather ________ ________the success of the voyage.

答案：contributed to

(2)他的懒惰是他失败的原因之一。

His laziness ________ ________his failure.

答案：contributed to

(3)她捐助巨款给那家孤儿院。

She ________a large sum of money ________the orphanage.

答案：contributed;to

(4)移民在许多方面丰富了英国文化。

Immigrants have ________ ________British culture in many ways.

答案：contributed to

11. depend on　依靠;依赖;确信;相信;指望;受……的影响;取决于

(回归课本P25)There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live.

根据人们居住地点的不同，英语有许多不同的方言。

归纳拓展

depend on sb.for sth.依赖、依靠某人获得depend on sb.doing/to do sth.依靠/相信某人做某事

depend on it 常用于句首或句末，意为“请放心，没问题”

It/That (all)depends.看情况而定

depend on it that...指望……，对……不疑,dependable adj.可靠的，可信赖的

dependence n.依靠，依赖，信赖

dependent adj.依靠的，依赖的;视……而定的be dependent on/upon 依靠;随……而定

例句探源

①(朗文P541)Admission to the university depends only on a student’s performance.

这所大学的录取只依据学生的成绩。

②(牛津P535)Can we depend on you coming in on Sunday?

我们能指望你星期天来参加吗?

③He is a man to be depended upon.他这人靠得住。

④He depends on you to help him.他要依靠你的帮助 。

⑤He depended up on a small incom for his livelihood.他依靠微薄的收入维持生活。

24.一句多译

你不能指望他能按时来。

________________________________________________________________________

答案：(1)You can’t depend on him to come on time.

(2)You can’t depend on his coming on time.

(3)You can’t depend on it that he can come on time.

★25.Asia is important to America because America’s prosperity ________trade with Asia’s growing economies.

A.depends on　　　　　　 B.takes off

C.sets up D.breaks out

解析：选A。depend on 依靠，依赖;take off 脱下，取消，(飞机)起飞，(事业)腾飞;set up 建立，架起，创(纪录)，提出;break out (战争/火灾等)突然爆发。

★26.(2011年安徽蚌埠高三模拟)—How long are you staying?

—I don’t know.________.

A.That’s OK B.Never mind

C.It depends D.It doesn’t matter

解析：选C。句意：“你要呆多久?”“我不知道，视情况而定吧!”It depends.视情况而定。

12. look up　(在词典或参考书中)查找

(回归课本P28)Looking up every new word will certainly be a waste of time.每个新单词都去查当然会浪费时间。

归纳拓展

(2)look after 照顾;照料;管理

look back on 回顾;回忆

look down on/upon 俯视;轻视某人

look forward to 盼望

look into 向里看;调查

look into one’s eyes 直视某人

look up to 向上看;尊敬

look through 浏览

look on as 把……看做;认为

look out 当心

例句探源