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第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分分)

(共小题;每小题分，满分分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

For some reason we were reminded that we primates(灵长目) need love. Kim Bard of the University of Portsmouth in England and her colleagues carried out a study on 46 baby chimpanzees orphans(黑猩猩孤儿), which had lost their mothers. The study showed that primate babies that have tight relationships with mother figures do much better on cognitive  (认知的 ) tests than babies who only grew up with peers  (同伴), but this is not breaking news. In fact, it ' s old news.

In the 1950s, Harry Harlow did a series of experiments with baby monkeys that showed. that lack of love and comfort makes for a crazy monkey.

Harlow constructed a cage that included a wire monkey  "mother" with a plastic face. Then he equipped the  "mother" with a milk bottle .The cage also had another wire "mother" who was covered with soft cloth. The baby monkeys spent all their time with the cloth "mother" arid only went to the wire "mother" to feed.

Harlow's monkey experiment was important because, at the time, child care experts, and everybody's grandmother had a  "no touch, no comfort" policy toward children. They advised parents not to respond to crying babies. They thought that babies should sleep alone to become independent, and for God's sake put that kid down.

But Harlow's work changed that policy. Mothers were soon permitted to have their babies next to them in the hospital.

The current chimp research based on Harlow's work shows that mother's love doesn't just make for a psychologically(糖神上地) healthy child, it also makes for a smart child.

The highly raised chimps do better than those that are not loved, and the well-raised chimps do even better than human kids on IQ tests.

We are primates, social animals which need love. We need to be held and talked to and made to feel that at least one person wants to be with us all the time.

1. The study Kim Bard and his colleagues did

A. included 46 baby and mother monkeys

B. is nothing new to people about the findings

C. showed that many chimpanzees lack of love when they were young

D. showed many chimpanzees had good relationship with their mothers

2. Harlow built two "mothers" for baby,.monkeys to _______

A. make them live comfortably          B. let them have more choices

C. give them more love                D make comparison well

3. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?

A.  Well--raised chimps are  better than people in IQ.

B. Sometimes it's not wrong to have no touch and no comfort to babies.

C. Chimps growing up in  cages are less smarter than chimps growing up in wild.

D. Babies who sleep with mothers tend to be cleverer than babies sleep alone.

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Love makes kids smarter      B. Primates need love

C. No touch, no comfort         D. How to develop cognitive abilities

第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. 1  . Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called latchkey children. They’re children who look after themselves while their parents work.   2

Lynette Long was one of the headmasters of an elementary school. She said, “We had a school rule against wearing jewelry. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys attached. I was constantly telling them to put them inside skirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant.”    3

She and her husband began talking to the children. They offered the suggestion:  4   . One in every three latchkey children the Longs talked to once reported being scared. Many had nightmares (噩梦) and were worried about their own safety.

The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding.      The second is TV. They’ll often play it at high volume. It’s hard to get statistics (统计) on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone.

A.      Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

B.       But they don’t mind.

C.       Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone.

D.      Some deal with the situation by watching TV.

E.       Some should go to their friends or their relatives for safety.

F.       And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

G.      It might be in a shower stall, under a bed or in a closet.