2011年高三英语模拟试题及答案

C

Let These Plants Swat the Bugs for You

Some plants get so hungry they eat flies, spiders, and even small frogs. What's more amazing is that these plants occur naturally (in special environments) in every state. In fact, they're found on every continent except Antarctica.

You've probably seen a Venus' flytrap. It's often sold in museum gift stores, department stores, and even supermarkets. A small plant, it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container. At the end of its stalks(茎)are specially modified leaves that act like traps. Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger(触发)hairs. When an insect lands on them, the trap suddenly shut. Over the course of a week or so, the plant feeds on its catch.

The Venus' flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants, says Barry Meyers-Rice, the editor of the International Carnivorous Plant Society's Newsletter. Note: Despite any science-fiction stories(科幻小说)you might have read, no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans.

Dr. Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating, only if it does all four of the following: "attract, kill, digest, and absorb" some form of insects , including flies, butterflies, and moths. Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants-well, most of the time.

All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis(光合作用). Plants use the sugar to make food. What makes "meat-eating" plants different is their bug-catching leaves. They need insects for one reason: nitrogen(氮). Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can't obtain any other way. Why?

Almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil. "Meat-eating" plants can't. They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity(酸度). So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals. In fact, nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to "meat-eating" plants. Never fertilize(施肥)them! But don't worry, either, if they never seem to catch any insects. They can survive, but they'll grow very slowly.

64. Venus flytrap

A. is a small plant which grows in a container.

B. is a kind of plant which gets hungry easily.

C. can attract, kill, digest and absorb some form of insects.

D. grows 6-8 inches tall

65. From the passage, we know .

A. "meat-eating" plants are found on every continent.

B. all green plants get nitrogen from the soil.

C. bug-catching leaves make "meat-eating" different from other plants.

D. some "meat-eating" plants in the rainforest do danger to humans.

66. "Meat-eating" plants grow very slowly, .

A. so you'd better fertilize them

B. probably because the source of nitrogen is cut off.

C. simply because they can't absorb nitrogen from the soil

D. and then they will die slowly.

67. Which of the following is true?

A. "Meat-eating" plants look and act like other green plants.

B. No insects, no "meat-eating" plants.

C. The reason why Venus flytrap needs flies is that it needs to get nutrient from them.

D. Green plants make sugar at night.

68. What does the underlined word nutrient in paragraph 5 probably mean?

A. 化学物 B.营养物 C. 肥料 D. 氮氢化合物

D

What's your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember the first time you heard thunder or watched a television program? Adults seldom recall events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four rarely retain any memory of specific, personal experiences.

A variety of explanations have been proposed by psychologists for this "childhood amnesia"( 记忆缺失,健忘).One argues that the hippocampus, the region of the brain which is responsible for forming memories, does not mature(成熟)until about the age of two. But the most popular theory maintains (主张)that, since adults do not think like children, they cannot access childhood memories. Adults think in words, and their life memories are like stories. But when they search through their mental files for early childhood memories to add to this verbal life story, they don't find any that fit the pattern. It's like trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary.

Now psychologist Annette Simms offers a new explanation for childhood amnesia. She argues that there simply aren't any early childhood memories to recall. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else's spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, quickly forgotten impressions of these experiences into long-term memories. In other words, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about them - Mother talking about the afternoon spent looking for crabs(蟹) at the beach or Dad asking them about their day at Ocean Park. Without this verbal reinforcement, says Dr. Simms, children cannot form permanent memories of their personal experiences.

69. According to the passage, it is widely believed that_________.

A. it is impossible for an adult to recall his(or her) childhood experiences

B. adults virtually have no access to their childhood memories

C. adults think in words while children think in images

D. adults and children have different brain structures

70. "Trying to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary" is stated in the passage to show that_______.

A. Chinese and English are totally different languages

B. it is unlikely to find a Chinese word in an English dictionary

C. adults and children have different memory patterns

D. memories are in some way connected with languages

71. According to Annette Simms,_______________.

A. verbal reinforcement is necessary for children to have permanent memories

B. there does not exist such things as childhood memories

C. children's brains are mature enough to form permanent memories

D. children are generally inexperienced and unable to remember things they don't understand

E

A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads. Nearly half of all negligence cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won.

Most of the cases were decided in sate courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them.

Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman's negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a "pure accident". In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another.

In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jury's decision because it argued that the railroad's negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider.

As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads-against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness toward individuals.

72. Which of the following is NOT true in Farwell's case?

A. Farwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track.

B. Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful.

C. The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job.

D. The court decided that the railroad should not be held responsible.

73. What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court?

A. The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediate buildings.

B. The railroad compensated for all the damage by the fire.

C. The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building.

D. The railroad worker paid for the property damage himself.

74. The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT _____.

A. political power B. high fares C. economic loss D. indifference

75. What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Railroad oppressing individuals in the US.

B. History of the US railroads.

C. Railroad workers' working rights.

D. Law cases concerning the railroads.

第二卷（非选择题 共35分）
第二节：短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断：如没有错误，在该行右边的横线上画一个"√"，如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正：

该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错的不要改。

One day Mrs. Smith went shopping. Since she came back 76.

home, she said to her husband, "I saw beautiful dress in 77.

a shop this morning. It costs fifty pounds." "Fifty pounds to 78.

a cotton dress? That is very much!" But every evening Mrs. 79.

Smith spoke only the dress, and at last, after a week, 80.

her husband said, "Oh, buy the dress!" She was very happy. 81.

But the next day evening, when Mr. Smith returned home and 82.

asking, "Have you got the dress?", she said, "No." "Why not?" 83.

he said. "Well, it is still in the window of the shop in a 84.

week. I think, nobody else want this dress, so I don't 85.

want it either!"

第二节：书面表达（满分25分）

请根据下列内容为《英语周报》写一篇文章，介绍宝岛台湾。

中国第一大岛，被誉为中国沿海的一颗明珠，总面积为36188平方公里(含其他一些小岛)。

气候冬季温暖，夏季炎热，雨量充沛。盛产稻米和蔬菜，素有"水果王国"美称，水果种类繁多，有丰富的水力、森林、渔业资源。

台湾自古以来就是中国的一部分，近年来，台湾当局想要把台湾从中国分裂出去是错误的，也是绝对不允许的。大陆人民和台湾人民要团结起来，维护祖国的和平和统一。