I still remember the day when I joined the Party.?

通过对上述知识的掌握，对于一个句子我们可用不同的表达方法来表达。如：?

那就是他工作的大学。?

四、定语从句的种类以及区别

1.定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，现将它们之间的用法及区别列表如下

限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句

和先行词的关系密切(删去后，影响整个句子意义的表达) 和先行词的关系不密切(是一种补充说明，删去后不影响整个句子意义的表达)

不用逗号分开 一般使用逗号分开

可用关系代词that引导 不可用关系代词that引导

可以省略(that，who，which在从句中担当宾语时可以省略) 不可以省略

可以替代(whom作宾语时，可用who或that替代) 不能替代

只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 修饰整个主句或主句的一部分，此时定语从句前有逗号分开，只能用which或as引导。

请看下面例句的不同含义：?

限制性：她有两个当解放军的儿子。?

She has two sons who are P.L.A.men.?

(Maybe she has other sons who are not P.L.A.men.)?

非限制性：她有两个儿子，他们都是解放军。?

She has two sons，who are P.L.A.men.?

(She has only two sons.They are both P.L.A.men.)?

体会下列非限制性定语从句?

Yesterday I met Li Ping，who seemed to be busy.?

昨天我遇到了李平，他看起来?很忙。??

We will put off the meeting until next week，when we won’t be so busy.?

我们将把会议推迟到下周举行，到那时我们就不会这么忙了。

2.关系代词which与as引导定语从句的区别?

which与as都可以引导定语从句，但它们有许多用法上的区别，现就此简要分析如下：??

1)which与as引导非限定性定语从句的区别：?

which只能放在主句后面，而as引导的从句位置相对较灵活，可在前，可在后。如：?

As he realized，I was very useful to him.?

(在前)正像他所意识到的那样，我对他非常有用。?

Air，as we know，is a gas.(在中)空气，众所周知，是一种气体。?

He was a foreigner，as I know from his accent.?

(在后)他是个外国人，正像我从他的口音判断的那样。?

He came late again，which made his boss angry.?

(在后)他又来晚了，这一点使得老板很生气。?

在which引导的定语从句中，谓语动词若是am，is，are，则这些系动词不能省略，而as后面若是这种情况，则可以省略。如：?

He is a teacher，as (is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略)他是个老师，这从他的言谈举止可看清楚。?

He said he had never seen her before，which was not true.?

(was 不可省略)他说他从来没见过她，这一点不对。?

当which引导的从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，意思是“这件事”。如：?

He changed his mind，which (and this，and that)made me very angry.?

他改变了主意，这使我很生气。?

She has married again，which (and this，and that)was unexpected.?

出乎意料的是，她又结婚了。?

而as主要起与上下文连接的作用，表达说话人的看法、观点，并指出主句内容的出处或根据等。如：?

Einstein，as we know，is a famous scientist.爱因斯坦，众所周知，是位伟大的科学家。?

As is announced in today’s newspaper，we must improve our style of work.?

今天的报纸上说，我们必须改进工作作风。?

作主语时，which既可以作系动词be的主语，也可以作实义动词的主语，而as只可以作系动词be的主语。如:?

He married her，which was natural.?

(可用as代替which)他和她结婚，这是很自然的事。??

He won a/the Nobel Prize in chemistry，which made him illustrious.?

(不可用as代替which)他获得了诺贝尔化学奖，这使他名扬天下。?

当定语从句位于主句之后，纯粹表示主句所述的内容，不带有“如……那样”的意思时，往往用which，而不用as。如：?

They were invited to the state banquet，which was a great honor to them.?

他们被邀请参加国宴，这对他们来说是莫大的荣幸。?

We had to sleep in our wet clothes，which was most uncomfortable.?

我们不得不穿着湿衣服睡觉，这简直太不舒服了。?

Mummy always treats me just like a baby，which I can’t bear.?

妈妈老把我当成小孩子对待，这让我无法忍受。?

当定语从句有“如同……那样”的意思时，用as比用which更常见，而这些从句几乎成为固定说法。如：

Things will turn out contrary to one’s wishes，as is often the case.?

事与愿违，这是常有的事。?

As was natural， this inordinate hope was followed by an excessive depression.?

这种过分希望之后，接着是极度的沮丧，是很自然的事。?

Chaucer is buried in “Poet’s Corner”，as might have been expected.?

正如人们已经预料的，乔叟被葬在“诗人角”。?

The material is elastic，as is show in the figure.这种材料有弹性，如图所示。?

as we know众所周知?

as has been said above/before正如前文所述?

as has been pointed out正如已经指出的?

as might be imagined可以想像得到?

当定语从句的关系代词指的是先行词本身时，只能用which。如：?

These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.?

这些苹果树是我三年前种下的，没结出任何果实。?

The Thames，which is now clean enough to swim in，was polluted for over a hundred years.?

泰晤士河，现在已经很干净，可以在里面游泳，它曾被污染了一百多年。?

带介词的典型的定语从句，必须用which，不能用as。如：?

There is a great deal of oxygen around us，without which we could not live.我们周围有许多氧气，没有它我们就无法生存。?

The shed in our garden，in which we often played，has lasted for a long time.?

我们经常玩耍的花园里的那个棚子，已经有很长时间了。?

2)引导限制性定语从句时which与as的区别：?

先行词如为表示物的名词或代词，在从句中又作介词的宾语时，只能用which。如：?

This is the pan in which I boiled the milk. 这就是我煮牛奶的锅。?

前面有as时,引导定语从句的关系代词用as，不用which。如：?

There are as many dictionaries as are needed.所需要的字典都有了。?

前面有such时，引导定语从句的关系代词用as,不用which。如：?

Such women as know Tom thought he was charming.?

认识汤姆的女人都认为他很?迷人。??

I have never heard such stories as he tells.他讲的那些故事我从没听过。?

He is not such a man as I expected.他不是我期望的那种人。?

前面有the same时，引导定语从句的关系代词用as而不用which。如：?

We are facing the same problems as we did years ago.?

我们正面临着和多年以前同样的困难。?

This is the same wallet as I lost.这只钱包与我丢失的那只相同。?

I have the same trouble as you have.我和你有着同样的困难。?

总之，which与as引导定语从句的区别要在实践中多体会，体会多了，才能正确运用。??五、定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词保持一致的问题

1.one of+复数名词+关系代词+复数形动词。如：?

Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies that have been produced in Hollywood.《泰坦尼克号》是在好莱坞拍的最好的电影之一。?

2.the (only)one of+复数名词+关系代词+单数形动词。如：?

The Great Wall is the (only)one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.?

长城是地球上惟一一个从月球上能够看到的建筑。?

3.当关系代词as或which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句内容时，若as或which作主语，则从句的谓语动词用单数形式。如：?

Great changes have taken place in China，as is known to all.?

中国发生了巨大的变化，众所周知。?

4.其他情况?

I，who am your teacher，will try my best to help you.我，你的老师，要尽全力帮助你。?

To own a colour TV set in each family，which we thought was impossible twenty years ago，now becomes true.?

每家拥有一台彩电，这在20年前我们认为不可能的事情，现在变成了现实。?

Have you heard of the persons and things that are being talked about??

你听说了他们谈论的人和事了吗???

【考点诠释】

定语从句

考点1 “介词+关系代词which/whom”中介词和关系代词的选择

介词后作宾语的关系代词为历年高考考查的重点，一般来讲有两个：指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which。当然关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：

①The pen with which he wrote was made in China.他写字用的钢笔是中国制造的。

②The train on which Tom travelled to Canada was very fast.汤姆到加拿大去时乘坐的火车速度非常快。

③The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.那位老师对他的学生非常有耐心，他家的房子前面有一棵大树。

考点2 as与which引导的非限制性定语从句的判定

1.as引导的从句表示说话人对话语的看法、态度、解释或评论。

(1)此时的as意为“正如……，正像……”。翻译时有时可不必译出。如：

You are clever，as all those who know you can see.你很聪明，所有认识你的人都能看出来。

(2)在句法上，as常用作一些实义动词(如see，know，hear，watch，remember，say，tell，show，expect，guess等)的宾语，这类动词与as几乎成了一种固定搭配。如：

As we all know，China is becoming stronger and stronger.众所周知，中国正变得越来越强大。

(3)as引导的从句可以前置(而which引导的从句则不可)。如：

As is a fact，Mike is expected to make a top student.这是一个事实，迈克有望成为一名顶尖的学生。

特别提示

主句中出现the same，such，so修饰先行词时，要选择as作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，此时as引导的是限制性定语从句。另外要注意：

(1)the same…that与the same…as引导的定语从句在意义上的区别：前者修饰的名词与原物是同一个东西;而后者修饰的是与先行词同类型的另一样东西。试比较：

①This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.这正是我昨天丢失的那个书包。(同一个书包)

②This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.这个书包和我昨天丢失的那个一样。(同类型的另一个)

(2)such/so…as…和such /so…that…结构不同，as引导定语从句，而that引导状语从句。如：

①They talked in such simple English as children could understand.他们用孩子们能听懂的简单的英语交谈。(定语从句，as代替先行词simple English作understand的宾语)

②He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke.他如此用力地关窗，结果玻璃碎了。(结果状语从句，that引导的从句表示用力关窗导致的结果)

2.which引导的此类从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明，表明事物的状态或结果。

(1)which此时指前面主句所提到的，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。主句与从句通常要用逗号隔开，且从句只能位于被修饰句子的后面。如：

He works very well，which makes his boss satisfied.他工作干得不错.，这使得他的老板很满意。

(2)which在句法上一般用作实义动词的主语，这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。如：

She succeeded in the competition，which satisfied her parents.她在比赛中取得成功，这使得她的父母很满意。

(3)在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时，要用which。如：He often works far into the night，by which time everyone else has left the office.他通常工作到深夜，到那时其他人

已下班了。

特别提示

高考一般不考查as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别，但近年高考试题中出现过这个考点。一般来说，如果从句的含义是顺接主句的叙述，那么这两个词都可以使用;如果从句的含义是对主句的否定，或者语意不是顺接的，则只能用which。如：

①He came late to school，which/as was what we had expected.他上学迟到了，这是我们意料中的。

②He came late to school，which surprised US a11.他上学迟到了，这让我们所有人都很惊讶。(不可用as)

考点3 关系代词、关系副词引导定语从句的辨别

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语;而关系副词在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因等状语。一般来说，关系副词在语义上相当于”介词+which”结构。试比较：

①I’ll never forget the days which I spent with you.我不会忘记我们在一起度过的岁月。(which在定语从句中作spent的宾语)

②I’ll never forget the days when(=in which)we studied in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京学习的时光。(when在定语从句中作时间状语，studied在此处为不及物动词，后面不再接宾语)

考点4 定语从句的间隔现象

定语从句一般紧接被它修饰的先行词，但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫做被分隔的定语从句。在这种情况下，对关系词的准确判断显得相当重要，而且在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读时要注意识别。一般来说，定语从句被分割开来大致有以下三种情况：在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语、定语，或被谓语动词分隔开。如：

①Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?你还记得十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链吗?

(先行词one afternoon与定语从句被状语ten years ago分隔开了)

②A new teacher will eOlTle tomorrow who will teach you German.明天，一位新老师将来教你们德语。(先行词a new teacher与定语从句被谓语部分和时间状语will come tomorrow隔开了)关系代词在下列情况下常省略：(1)作及物动词的宾语时;(2)作介词的宾语，当关系代词与介词分开使用时，可以省略。但若是关系代词与介词连用，则不能省略。如：

①The coat(that)I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(作动词put的宾语)

②who is the teacher(whom)Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作介词to的宾语)

③Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那儿借的这本英文小说。(关系代词不能省略)

有些句型结构如同位语从句、状语从句和强调句与定语从句结构较相似，稍不认真就会出错。

1.定语从句与同位语从句的区别

定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制，属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是对前面抽象名词的进一一步说明和解释，属于名词性从句的范畴。如：

①He makes a promise that if he Call get the job，he will work hard to make as much money as he can for the eompany.他许诺如果他能获得那份工作，他将努力为公司挣尽可能多的

钱。(that引导的同位语从句是对先行词a promise的进一步解释和说明)

②Mike’s parents made a special promise to Tom that surprisedTom.迈克的父母对汤姆许下了一个特别的诺言，这使得汤姆很惊奇。(that引导的定语从句是对先行词promise的修饰和限制)

2.定语从句与强调句的区别

定语从句和强调句的判断方法：若将句中的“It is/was…that/who”去掉，而句子不缺成分，结构完整，说明原句是强

调句。如：

It was in 1 998 that the flood destroyed many houses in Jiangxi.在1998年，洪水毁坏了江西地区很多的房屋。(强调句)

(判断方法：如果去掉it was和that，剩下in 1998 the flood destroyed many houses in Jiangxi，句子结构完整，可判定原句为强调句)

3.定语从句与状语从句的区别

定语从句在句子中作定语，修饰名词、代词或句子;并且，这个被修饰的名词、代词或句子称为先行词，通常放在定语从句之前。状语从句在句子中作状语，修饰动词;通常不同的状语从句有不同的连词，位置较灵活，通常放在句首或句末，有时也放在句中。

以where为例来说明：

①Let’s have a short meeting where we met last time.我们在上次见面的地方开个短会吧。(Where we met last time是地点状语从句，在句中作地点状语，表示开会的地方)

②This is the place where we had a meeting last time.这就是我们上次开会的地方。(Where we had a meeting last time是定语从句，在句中作定语修饰the place)

【试题放送】

【2012山东卷】23. Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.

A. them B. that

C. which D. what

【答案】

【解析】此处先行词是two novels，后面是一个非限制性定语从句且介词前置，因此用both of which引导。句意：Maria写了两部小说，两部都被拍成了电视剧。

【考点】考查非限制性定语从句的用法。

【2012福建卷】23. The air quality in the city, ________is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.

A. that B. it C. as D. what

【考点】本题考查定语从句的引导词

【答案】C

【解析】本句难点是把定语从句分割出来放在句首就很明了了，把句子转换成 is shown in the report, the air quality in the city has improved over the past two months.就能直接看到非限制性定语从句引导词放句首指的是下文所提到的一句话用as引导“正如在 所写的那样”。

【2012安徽卷】29. Alot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

A. as B. it C. which D. This

【答案】A

【解析】如果选择B或D 就出现了两个句子了。本题考查非限制性定语从句,关系代词指整个一句话Alot of language learning is happening in the first year of life。传统考法是直接把从句放在句首，我不知道这里是不是算作句首，我相信学生们也会是一头雾水吧。【as用在句首，which用在句末，正确答案应该是A】

【考点】考查定语从句。

【2012北京卷】26. When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

【答案】 B

【考点】非限制性定语从句，which作表语。

【2012全国II】8. That evening, _____ I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

【答案】B

【解析】这里that evening是先行词，其在定语从句中作介词about的宾语，所以用which。句意：以后我将和你谈起的那个晚上，我工作到了很晚。

【考点】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。

【2012届广西桂林市、崇左市、百色市、防城港市高考联合调研】32.—We’ll take the conditions into careful consideration you have attached to this contract.

—Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.

A.as B.which C.where D.what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处the conditions是先行词，其在定语从句中作to的宾语。故用which。

【河南省郑州市2012届英语信息卷(三)】13. Do you remember a certain occasion ______ you were in trouble and at that moment I gave you a hand.

A. where B. which C. why D. when

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句。根据后面的时间短语at that moment可知occasion指时间，故要使用关系副词when，相当于at which time。

【2012届保定市高三第一次模拟】32. Lisa，I guess we'd better fix a navigational aid(导航仪)to the car_________we can find our way easily.

A. which B. that C. from which D. with which

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处a navigational aid为先行词，其在定语从句中作with的宾语。句意：丽萨，我认为我们最好在车上安装导航仪，用它我们能容易地找到路。

【2012届河北省邯郸市高三第一次模拟考试】26. Leave him a note at the reception desk, he will learn how to find you.

A. which B. from which C. with which D. on which

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。此处a note是先行词，其在定语从句中作from的宾语。

相当于：he will learn how to find you from the note。

【2012届河北省普通高考模拟】26.-----How about your job-hunting?

-----No luck.Now，I’ve reached the stage________I don’t care what I do.

A. which B. where C.when D. that

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处the stage是先行词，其在定语从句中作地点状语。句意：现在我到了我不关心做什么的境地。

【2012届四川省成都石室中学高三二诊模拟】7.A turning point of the continuously high housing price won't appear suddenly because there must be a certain process ___ many factors lead to the change.

A.which B.what C.where D.that

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处process作先行词，其在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where。

【2012届四川省成都石室中学高三二诊模拟】10.Jane's struggle to make a place for herself in the music circle is the kind of life story___a fascinating novel might be written.

A.where B.by whom C.for what D.about which

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处life story是先行词，其后是介词前置的定语从句。相当于a fascinating novel might be written about the story。

【2012届江西省六校联考】26. More teens are smoking in Beijing, ______ the number of primary and middle school students picking up the habit has more than doubled from previous years.

A. which B. when C. where D. that

【答案】 C

【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。Beijing 是先行词，在从句中做地点状语，因此用where引导定语从句。

【2012届浙江杭州重点高中原创模拟】17. Judging from his face_______ there was a confident smile, we knew that he didn’t lose heart.

A. in which B. from which C. by which D. on which

【答案】D

【解析】考查定语从句介词+关系代词的用法。a confident smile on his face.句意为：从他脸上自信的笑容来判断，我们知道他没灰心。故选D。

【2012届浙江杭州重点高中原创模拟】19. We have spotted the location, _______ we thought is the site of Emperor Qin Shihuang.

A. that B. what C. which D. where

【答案】C 考查定语从句。分析句子可知空格出引导定语从句，we thought 是插入语，从句缺少主语，应考虑用关系代词，又是非限制性定语从句，故选C。

【2012届浙江省重点中学协作体4月调研】14. ---When did the young man save you?

---January 1st,2000, the first day of the new century,_______ I can never forget.

A. when B. which C. that D. where

【答案】B

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。先行词the first day在定语从句中作宾语。

【总结】2013年精品学习网为小编在此为您收集了此文章“高三英语语法复习教案：定语从句要点复习教案”，今后还会发布更多更好的文章希望对大家有所帮助，祝您在精品学习网学习愉快!

更多精彩内容请点击：高中 > 高三 > 高三英语 > 高三英语教案