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Unit2 Heros

Lesson 1 Modern heros同步辅导与测试

一般过去时

1) 用法：

A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。

例：1991年6月四级第43题

I decided to go to the library as soon as I _______.

A) finish what I did B) finished what I did

C) would finish what I was doing D) finished what I was doing

结合四个选项来看，全句的意思是：“我决定一做完手头的工作就去图书馆”。本题首先要判断的是as soon as(一……就)引出的时间状语从句中谓语动词的时态。从句中的动作“做完手头的工作”是预计将要发生的动作，而去句的谓语动词用的是过去时(decided)。在这种场合，从句中通常用一般过去时，而不用过去将来时。所以选项A和C不可能是答案。句子指的是“完成正在做的工作”，do要用进行式。因此选项D才是答案。

B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就是过去时。

例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.(老人过去常常坐在宁静的公园里的一条长椅上，看着其他的人，一坐就是数个小时，什么也不干，也不和任何人交谈。)

He used to visit his mother once a week.(他以前总是每周看望一次他的母亲。)

C) 有时可代替一般现在时，表达一种婉转、客气、礼貌、商量的语气。

例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?(我想向您借车用一用，可以吗?)

Would you mind my sitting here?(您介意我坐在这里吗?)

2) 注意事项：

A) 注意时间状语的搭配。一般过去时的时间状语应该是表示过去某个时间的词或词组，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，绝对不可与recently, in the past 10 years, this month等连用，因为这样的时间状语都与现在有关系，应该用现在完成时或一般现在时。

B) used to do的否定形式和疑问形式很特别：你怎么写都正确。以否定形式为例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都对。

Used to do经常与 be used to doing sth/ sth结构进行对比。前者表示"过去常常或过去曾经"，要求加动词原形;后者表示"习惯于"，要求加名词或动名词。

过去完成时(had done)

1) 用法：表示在过去的某个时间或动作以前已经发生的动作或已经存在的状态。就是我们常说的：表示"过去的过去的动作或状态"。

例：1997年1月四级第21题

Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.

A) didn't hear C) hasn't heard B) hasn't been hearing D) hadn't heard

全句的意思是：“到那时为止，他家里已经有六个月没得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，谓语动词的动作延续到过去的某一时刻才完成，因此谓语要用过去完成时。答案是D)。其它选项中：A) didn't hear，因为一般过去时只表示过去发生的事情或存在的状态，所以不能与时间状语for six months连用。B) hasn't been hearing，现在完成进行时表示过去某时刻继续到现在或现在还在进行的动作，与题意不符。C) hasn't heard，现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻到现在为止发生的动作。而题中的then只表示过去的某一时刻，不能表示现在时间。

2) 注意事项：“过去的过去”这种逻辑关系常通过上下文体现出来，而不一定受某个时间状语的限制。

例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.(刚才有人在我们的房间里，因为我们打开前门进来时，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃烧的香烟。)

分析：虽然时间状语是just now，似乎应该使用一般过去时，但是“在房间里”这个状态是在"开门"和"注意"这两个过去的动作之前就存在的，所以应该用过去完成时。

一般过去时与过去进行时的区别

一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,往往表示动作已完成或结束;而过去进行时则表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作,表示动作的未完成性。例如:

He read a novel that evening.那天晚上他读了一本小说。(读完了整本小说)

He was reading a novel that evening.那天晚上他在读一本小说。(小说不一定读完)

单项选择

1. – If the traffic hadn’t been so heavy, I could have been back by 6 o’clock.

-- What a pity! Tina _____ here to see you.

A. isB. wasC. would beD. has been

2. The hero’s story _____ differently in the newspapers.

A. was reportedB. was reportingC. reportsD. reported

3. They _____ on the program for almost one week before I joined them, and now we _____ on it as no god results have come out so far.

A. had been working; are still workingB. had worked; were still working

C. have been working; have workedD. have worked; are still working

4. Father _____ for London on business upon my arrival,so I didn’t see him.

A. has leftB. leftC. was leavingD. had left

5. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she didn’t want her parents to know what she _____.

A. has doneB. had doneC. was doingD. is doing

6. More than a dozen students in that school _____ abroad to study medicine last year.

A. sentB. were sentC. had sentD. had been sent

7. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ____ down to eat our picnic lunch.

A. sittingB. having satC. to sitD. sat

8. –What’s wrong with your coat?

-- Just now when I wanted to get off the bus, the man next to me ____ on it.

A. satB. had satC. had been sittingD. was sitting

9. – Thank goodness, you’re here! What _____ you?

-- Traffic jam.

A. keepsB. is keepingC. had keptD. kept

10. She _____ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job.

A. would changeB. has changedC. changedD. was changing

11. It is said in the book that Thomas Edison (1847-1931) _____ the world leading inventor for sixty years.

A. would beB. has beenC. had beenD. was

12. Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ____ to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.

A. beginB. beganC. have begunD. had begun

13. My mind wasn’t on what e was saying so I’, afraid I _____ half of it.

A. was missingB. had missedC. willD. missed

14. The discussion ____ alive when an interesting topic was bought in.

A. was comingB. had comeC. has comeD. came

15. – You were out when I dropped in at your house.

-- Oh, I _____ for a friend from England at the airport.

A. was waitingB. had waitedC. am waitingD. have waited

16. – I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.

-- Oh, how nice! Do you know when she _____?

A. was leavingB. had leftC. has leftD. left

17. – Has Sam finished his homework today?

-- I have no idea. He ____ it this morning.

A. didB. has doneC. was doingD. had done

18. I _____ you not to move my dictionary now I can’t find it.

A. askedB. askC. was askingD. had asked

19. – What were you doing when Ton phoned you?

-- I had just finished my work and ____ to take a shower.

A. had startedB. startedC. have startedD. was starting

20. – Sorry to have interrupted you. Please go on.

-- Where was I?

-- You ____ you didn’t like your father’s job.

A. had saidB. said

C. were sayingD. had been saying

21. I ______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time.

A. had fallen asleepB. have fallen asleep

C. fell asleepD. fall asleep

22. All morning as she waited for he medical report from the doctor, her nervousness _____.

A. has grownB. is growingC. grewD. had grown

23. The news came as no surprise to me. I ___ for some time that the factory was going to shut down.

A. had knownB. knewC. have knownD. know

24. I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ____ it.

A. doesn’t mentionB. hadn’t mentioned

C. didn’t mentionD. hasn’t mentioned

25. The silence of the library ____ only by the sound of pages being turned over.

A. has been brokenB. breaksC. brokeD. was broken

Keys:

1-5 BAABC6-10 BDDDC11-15 DBDDA16-20 DCADC21-25 CCACD